1949-1901. LL.D. CMG FRS FRSC. Graduated McGill University and Royal School of Mines (London). Director of the Geological Survey of Canada (1895-1901). Raised in upper-class Victorian Montreal (his father Sir William was principal of McGill) he was well educated and, beyond his work as a scientist, excelled at drawing, watercolours and photography.
British North America boundary commission 1873-1874
Joined the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC) as geologist 1875
Queen Charlotte Islands survey 1878
Appointed Assistant Director of the GSC 1883
Bering Sea Commission 1891-1892. co-scientist Baden-Powell
Appointed Director of the GSC 1895