Digital Communication

ืžื›ื™ืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช
+5Kโ€
ื”ื•ืจื“ื•ืช
ืกื™ื•ื•ื’ ืชื•ื›ืŸ
ื›ื•ืœื
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš
ืฆื™ืœื•ื ืžืกืš

ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•

ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืžื“ืจื™ืš ื—ื™ื ืžื™ ืžืœื ืฉืœ ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืขื ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืžืคื•ืจื˜ื•ืช, ื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช, ื ื•ืกื—ืื•ืช ื•ื—ื•ืžืจ ื”ืงื•ืจืก.

ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืžื™ื•ืขื“ืช ืœืœืžื™ื“ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”, ืชื™ืงื•ื ื™ื, ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ืžื‘ื—ื ื™ื ื•ืจืื™ื•ื ื•ืช.

ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื–ื• ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ื•ื”ืกื‘ืจ ืžืคื•ืจื˜ ืขื ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื.

ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื”ื ืกืงืจื™ื ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื”ื:

1. ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช
2. ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ื•ืช
3. ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ PCM: ื“ื’ื™ืžื”, ืงื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ื•ืงื™ื“ื•ื“
4. ืฉื’ื™ืืช ืงื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ื–ืฆื™ื”
5. Compading ื‘ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช PCM
6. ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช PCM ื“ื™ืคืจื ืฆื™ืืœื™ื•ืช (DPCM)
7. ืืคื ื•ืŸ ื“ืœืชื
8. ืืคื ื•ืŸ ื“ืœืชื ืื“ืคื˜ื™ื‘ื™
9. ืžืขืจื›ืช ืžื ืฉื T1
10. ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช PCM ื•-DM
11. ืจืขืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
12. ืฉื™ืงื•ืœ ืจืขืฉ ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช PCM
13. ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ืงื•
14. ืงื•ื“ื™ ืงื•; RZ ื•-NRZ
15. ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ืกืžืœื™ื
16. ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื“ื•ืคืง
17. ืงืจื™ื˜ืจื™ื•ืŸ ื ื™ืงื•ื•ื™ืกื˜
18. ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื ืงื•ืกื™ื ื•ืก ืžื•ืจื
19. ืžืงืฉื™ื ืžืฉืžืจืช ืžืฉืจืขืช
20. ื”ืงืฉืช ื”ืกื˜ืช ืชื“ืจ
21. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ASK
22. ื’ืœืื™ ASK ืœื ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™
23. ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื ืจื•ื—ื‘ ืคืก ื•ืชื“ืจื™ื ืฉืœ FSK
24. ื’ืœืื™ FSK ืœื ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™
25. ื’ืœืื™ FSK ืงื•ื”ืจื ื˜ื™
26. ื–ื™ื”ื•ื™ FSK ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช PLL
27. ืžืคืชื•ื— ืฉืœื‘ ื‘ื™ื ืืจื™
28. ืžืงืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ื ืืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ืคืื–ื•ืช
29. ืžืงืฉื™ื ื ืฆื‘ื™ื™ื ืคืื–ื”
30. ืžืคืชื•ื— ื”ืกื˜ืช ืฉืœื‘ ื ืฆื‘
31. ื”ืงืฉืช Shift ืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื
32. M-ary Modulation
33. ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช
34. ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช
35. ืขืฆืžืื•ืช ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช
36. ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืืงืจืื™ื™ื ืžืชืžืฉื›ื™ื
37. ืžืฉืชื ื™ื ืืงืจืื™ื™ื ื‘ื“ื™ื“ื™ื
38. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ื’ืื•ืกื™ืช
39. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื”ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืจื™ื™ืœื™
40. ืคื•ื ืงืฆื™ื™ืช ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ื”ืกืชื‘ืจื•ืช Rician
41. ืžืžื•ืฆืข ื•ืฉื•ื ื•ืช
42. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ืืงืจืื™
43. ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื ื™ื™ื— ื•ืืจื’ื•ื“ื™
44. ืžืงื“ื ืžืชืื
45. ืฉื™ืชื•ืคื™ื•ืช
46. โ€‹โ€‹ื’ืœ ื‘ื™ื ืืจื™ ืืงืจืื™
47. ืฆืคื™ืคื•ืช ืกืคืงื˜ืจืœื™ืช ื›ื•ื—
48. ืžื™ื“ืข ื•ืื ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื”
49. ืื ื˜ืจื•ืคื™ื” ืžื•ืชื ื™ืช ื•ื™ืชื™ืจื•ืช
50. Shanon fano Coding
51. ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื“ื“ื™
52. ืื•ื‘ื“ืŸ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืงื‘ ืจืขืฉ
53. ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื”ืืคืžืŸ
54. ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืื•ืจืš ืžืฉืชื ื”
55. ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ืžืงื•ืจ
56. ื”ืžื™ื ื’ ืงืฉื•ืจ
57. ืžื˜ืจื™ืฆืช ื”ื’ื ืจื˜ื•ืจ
58. ืงื•ื“ื™ื ืžื—ื–ื•ืจื™ื™ื
59. ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืงื•ื“ื™ ืงื•ื ื‘ื•ืœืฆื™ื”

ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืื™ื ื ืจืฉื•ืžื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ืื•ืคื™.

ื›ืœ ื ื•ืฉื ืฉืœื ืขื ื“ื™ืื’ืจืžื•ืช, ืžืฉื•ื•ืื•ืช ื•ืฆื•ืจื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ื™ื™ืฆื•ื’ื™ื ื’ืจืคื™ื™ื ืœืœืžื™ื“ื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื”ื‘ื ื” ืžื”ื™ืจื”.

ืžืืคื™ื™ื ื™ื :
* ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืช ืคืจืง
* ืคืจื™ืกืช ืžืžืฉืง ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืขืฉื™ืจื”
* ืžืฆื‘ ืงืจื™ืื” ื ื•ื—
* ื ื•ืฉืื™ ื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื
* ืžืžืฉืง ืžืฉืชืžืฉ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืื•ื“
* ืžื›ืกื” ืืช ืจื•ื‘ ื”ื ื•ืฉืื™ื
* ืงืœื™ืง ืื—ื“ ืงื‘ืœ ืงืฉื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืกืคืจ
* ืชื•ื›ืŸ ืžื•ืชืื ืœื ื™ื™ื“
* ืชืžื•ื ื•ืช ืžื•ืชืืžื•ืช ืœื ื™ื™ื“

ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื–ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ืœืขื™ื•ืŸ ืžื”ื™ืจ. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืกื™ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ื ืชื•ืš ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืขื•ืช ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•.

ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžืงื•ืจืกื™ ืžื“ืขื™ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘, ื”ื ื“ืกืช ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืงื” ื•ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืชื•ืืจ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืฉืœ ืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ืื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื•ืช.

ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœืชืช ืœื ื• ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื ืžื•ืš ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืื ื ืฉืœื— ืœื ื• ืืช ื”ืฉืื™ืœืชื•ืช, ื”ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ืฉืœืš ื•ืชืŸ ืœื ื• ื“ื™ืจื•ื’ ื•ื”ืฆืขื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืฉืงื•ืœ ื–ืืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื ืขืชื™ื“ื™ื™ื. ื ืฉืžื— ืœืคืชื•ืจ ืœื›ื ืื•ืชื.
ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš
24 ื‘ืื•ื’ืณ 2025

ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš. ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ. ื”ืžืคืชื— ืกื™ืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื.
ืœื ืžืชื‘ืฆืข ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขื ืฆื“ื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ื™ื
ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžื•ืฆืคื ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืขื‘ืจื”
ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”

ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”
Bhanuben B. Thummar
georgydoki@gmail.com
India
undefined

โ€ซืขื•ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช Engineering Wale Babaโ€Žโ€