First Aid and Emergency Techni
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Usizo lokuqala yilona usizo lokuqala nokushesha olunikezwa kunoma yimuphi umuntu obhekene nokugula okuncane noma okuncane noma ukulimala, ngokunakekelwa okuhlinzekwa ukulondoloza impilo, ukuvimbela isimo ukuba siphumelele, noma ukukhuthaza ukutakula.
Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekelweni okuphuthumayo noma okusheshayo okufanele unikeze lapho umuntu elimala noma egula kuze kube yilapho ukwelashwa okuphelele kutholakala. Ngezimo ezincane, ukunakekelwa kosizo lokuqala kunganele. Ngezinkinga ezinkulu, ukunakekelwa kosizo lokuqala kufanele kuqhutshwe kuze kube yilapho ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe kutholakala khona.
Usizo lokuqala lubalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo. Umuntu angenza usizo lokuqala emva kwesigameko esisongela noma ukulimala ngaphambi kokufika kwezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.
Izinhloso zokusiza kuqala ukugcina impilo, ukuvimbela ukulimala, nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa.
Ngosizo lokuqala, i-ABC imelela ukuhamba kwemimoya, ukuphefumula, nokusakaza.
Isimo sokutakula sisiza ukunciphisa ukulimala okuqhubekayo.
I-CPR imele ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary. Kuyasiza ukugcina ukugeleza kwegazi okwenziwe nge-oxygen.
Ngenkathi wenza ukucindezeleka kwesifuba, ungase uzwe imifantu. Lokhu kuvamile.
Usizo lokuqala luyisimo esiphuthumayo, ngokuvamile esinobuchwepheshe obulula, obuvame ukusindisa ukuphila abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukuqeqesha ukwenza ngemishini encane futhi akukho okunye okwelashwa okudlule.
Usizo lokuqala aluhlelwa njengezokwelapha futhi aluyithathi indawo yokungenelela kusuka ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshwe.
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, wena noma othile ozungezile angathola ukulimala noma ukugula. Usebenzisa usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo, ungase ukwazi ukumisa ukuhlukumeza okuncane ukuba kungabi nakakhulu. Endabeni yezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha, ungase usindise impilo.
Usizo lokuqala luhlanganisa izinyathelo ezithathwe ukusiza umuntu omele noma ogulayo emaminithi wokuqala emva komcimbi.
Ngokuvamile le nsiza yokuqala ingasiza othile ukuba azizwe kangcono, aphumule ngokushesha, futhi angalondoloza ngisho nokuphila.
Usizo lokuqala lungaba usizo ezimweni eziningi ezihlukene, kusukela ku-sprains kuya ekushayweni kagesi kuya ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo.
Usizo lokuqala lungabandakanya isenzo esilula, njengokubeka umuntu endaweni efanele ukuphefumula ngokukhululekile. Kungase kuhileleke umsebenzi onamakhono amaningi, njengokuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary (CPR) uma bayeke ukuphefumula.
Ukuhlinzekwa kokusiza okusheshayo okufanele futhi okufanele kunganciphisa ubukhulu bokulimala noma ukugula futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungasho umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa.
Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha okuvame ukuphathwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala kwenzeka endaweni lapho kwenzeka khona. Ngokuvamile kuqukethe isikhathi esisodwa, ukwelashwa kwesikhashana futhi kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuncane noma ukuqeqeshwa okuzokwenza. Usizo lokuqala lungabandakanya ukuhlanza izinsizakalo ezincane, ama-scrapes, noma ama-scratches; ukuphatha ingane encane; ukusebenzisa ama-bandages nokugqoka; ukusetshenziswa kwemithi engavumelekile; ukukhipha amabhuleki; ukususa ama-debris emehlweni; ukusikhipha; nokuphuza amanzi okuphuza ukucindezela ukushisa.
Usizo lokuqala lungaphatha zonke izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezincane nezinhlanzi, kepha kufanele ubone udokotela ngezingozi ezinkulu. Ungase uthande ukucabanga ngokuthola ithuluzi lokuqala lokuqala lendlu yakho noma ukuqeqesha ekusizeni lokuqala ukuze ulungele ukubhekana nezingozi ezincane.
Usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo lubhekisela enkambweni yokuqala yokuhlola nokubhekana nezidingo zomuntu olimale noma osizini lokuphila ngenxa yokuchotshozwa, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukusabela okweqile, izidakamizwa noma ezinye izimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo lukuvumela ukuba unqume ngokushesha isimo somzimba somuntu kanye nenqubo yokwelashwa efanele. Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha njalo uma ukwazi, kodwa ukulandela izinqubo zokusiza kuqala kungaba umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa. Landela isifundo sethu sonke, noma uthole iseluleko esithile ngokuhlola izigaba ezibalwe ngenhla.
Usizo lokuqala yilona ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo olunikezwa umuntu olimale noma ogulayo noma isilwane, ngokuvamile ngumuntu ongenayo ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha. Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekeleni ngokushesha umuntu (o) olimale noma ogulayo. Usizo lokuqala aluwona ukwelashwa okugcwele.
Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekelweni okuphuthumayo noma okusheshayo okufanele unikeze lapho umuntu elimala noma egula kuze kube yilapho ukwelashwa okuphelele kutholakala. Ngezimo ezincane, ukunakekelwa kosizo lokuqala kunganele. Ngezinkinga ezinkulu, ukunakekelwa kosizo lokuqala kufanele kuqhutshwe kuze kube yilapho ukunakekelwa okuthuthukisiwe kutholakala khona.
Usizo lokuqala lubalulekile ekusindiseni izimpilo. Umuntu angenza usizo lokuqala emva kwesigameko esisongela noma ukulimala ngaphambi kokufika kwezinsizakalo eziphuthumayo.
Izinhloso zokusiza kuqala ukugcina impilo, ukuvimbela ukulimala, nokukhuthaza ukuvuselelwa.
Ngosizo lokuqala, i-ABC imelela ukuhamba kwemimoya, ukuphefumula, nokusakaza.
Isimo sokutakula sisiza ukunciphisa ukulimala okuqhubekayo.
I-CPR imele ukuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary. Kuyasiza ukugcina ukugeleza kwegazi okwenziwe nge-oxygen.
Ngenkathi wenza ukucindezeleka kwesifuba, ungase uzwe imifantu. Lokhu kuvamile.
Usizo lokuqala luyisimo esiphuthumayo, ngokuvamile esinobuchwepheshe obulula, obuvame ukusindisa ukuphila abantu abaningi abangakwazi ukuqeqesha ukwenza ngemishini encane futhi akukho okunye okwelashwa okudlule.
Usizo lokuqala aluhlelwa njengezokwelapha futhi aluyithathi indawo yokungenelela kusuka ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abaqeqeshwe.
Nganoma yisiphi isikhathi, wena noma othile ozungezile angathola ukulimala noma ukugula. Usebenzisa usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo, ungase ukwazi ukumisa ukuhlukumeza okuncane ukuba kungabi nakakhulu. Endabeni yezimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha, ungase usindise impilo.
Usizo lokuqala luhlanganisa izinyathelo ezithathwe ukusiza umuntu omele noma ogulayo emaminithi wokuqala emva komcimbi.
Ngokuvamile le nsiza yokuqala ingasiza othile ukuba azizwe kangcono, aphumule ngokushesha, futhi angalondoloza ngisho nokuphila.
Usizo lokuqala lungaba usizo ezimweni eziningi ezihlukene, kusukela ku-sprains kuya ekushayweni kagesi kuya ekuhlaselweni kwenhliziyo.
Usizo lokuqala lungabandakanya isenzo esilula, njengokubeka umuntu endaweni efanele ukuphefumula ngokukhululekile. Kungase kuhileleke umsebenzi onamakhono amaningi, njengokuvuselelwa kwe-cardiopulmonary (CPR) uma bayeke ukuphefumula.
Ukuhlinzekwa kokusiza okusheshayo okufanele futhi okufanele kunganciphisa ubukhulu bokulimala noma ukugula futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, kungasho umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa.
Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha okuvame ukuphathwa ngokushesha ngemuva kokulimala kwenzeka endaweni lapho kwenzeka khona. Ngokuvamile kuqukethe isikhathi esisodwa, ukwelashwa kwesikhashana futhi kudinga ubuchwepheshe obuncane noma ukuqeqeshwa okuzokwenza. Usizo lokuqala lungabandakanya ukuhlanza izinsizakalo ezincane, ama-scrapes, noma ama-scratches; ukuphatha ingane encane; ukusebenzisa ama-bandages nokugqoka; ukusetshenziswa kwemithi engavumelekile; ukukhipha amabhuleki; ukususa ama-debris emehlweni; ukusikhipha; nokuphuza amanzi okuphuza ukucindezela ukushisa.
Usizo lokuqala lungaphatha zonke izinhlobo zezintuthwane ezincane nezinhlanzi, kepha kufanele ubone udokotela ngezingozi ezinkulu. Ungase uthande ukucabanga ngokuthola ithuluzi lokuqala lokuqala lendlu yakho noma ukuqeqesha ekusizeni lokuqala ukuze ulungele ukubhekana nezingozi ezincane.
Usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo lubhekisela enkambweni yokuqala yokuhlola nokubhekana nezidingo zomuntu olimale noma osizini lokuphila ngenxa yokuchotshozwa, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukusabela okweqile, izidakamizwa noma ezinye izimo eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha. Usizo lokuqala oluyisisekelo lukuvumela ukuba unqume ngokushesha isimo somzimba somuntu kanye nenqubo yokwelashwa efanele. Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha njalo uma ukwazi, kodwa ukulandela izinqubo zokusiza kuqala kungaba umehluko phakathi kokuphila nokufa. Landela isifundo sethu sonke, noma uthole iseluleko esithile ngokuhlola izigaba ezibalwe ngenhla.
Usizo lokuqala yilona ukwelashwa okuphuthumayo olunikezwa umuntu olimale noma ogulayo noma isilwane, ngokuvamile ngumuntu ongenayo ukuqeqeshwa kwezokwelapha. Usizo lokuqala lubhekisela ekunakekeleni ngokushesha umuntu (o) olimale noma ogulayo. Usizo lokuqala aluwona ukwelashwa okugcwele.
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