Flow: Optimal Exp. - Summary

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Isifinyezo salokhu: Ukugeleza: I-Psychology of Optimal Experience ka-Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi: Emhlabeni omuhle wezengqondo, i-Flow yincwadi yakudala, futhi ngesizathu esihle. Yanyatheliswa ngo-1990 ngomunye wabasunguli be-positive psychology, u-Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, ngemva kokuba esehole amashumi eminyaka ocwaningo "ngokuhlangenwe nakho okuphelele". U-Csikszentmihalyi (usifundisa ukuthi sithi “chick-sent-me-high” ukuze asondele ekubizeni ngendlela efanele) kanye nozakwabo babengemva kwenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuphila; ukubuza, lapho sichuma kakhulu, senzani? Lokho abaningi bethu abakucabangayo kuwukuphumula okumsulwa: ake ngilale ogwini amasonto ambalwa, ngiphuze iziphuzo futhi ngidla amagilebhisi, futhi lokhu kungaba umvuthwandaba wokuphila. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi kungani sonke sidinga isayensi yenjabulo. Nakuba sicabanga ukuphumula okuphelele njengesiqongo sempilo, ngokuvamile sibi kakhulu ekubikezeleni injabulo yethu siqu.

Okutholwe nguCsikszentmihalyi nozakwabo kwakungekona ukuphumula. Njengoba u-Flow esho “Izikhathi ezinhle kakhulu zivame ukwenzeka lapho umzimba noma ingqondo yomuntu yelulelwe emikhawulweni yawo ngomzamo wokuzithandela wokufeza okuthile okunzima nokubalulekile. Ngakho-ke isipiliyoni esihle yinto esiyenza yenzeke. ” Ukugeleza "indawo" -isimo sengqondo esicishe sibe ngumlingo lapho ugxila ngokuphelele kokuthile okuyinselele kakhulu, kodwa kungenzeka. Ngenxa yokuthi ungumphetho wekhono lakho, kuthatha wonke amandla akho engqondo ukwenza intuthuko. Awunayo imijikelezo eyisipele yokucabanga ukuthi "Ngabe ngikwenza kahle lokhu?" noma “Ingabe ngidinga ukuthola ubisi endleleni eya ekhaya?” U-Csikszentmihalyi ubhala ukuthi ukugeleza “Isimo lapho abantu behileleke kakhulu esenzweni kangangokuthi akukho okunye okubonakala kunendaba; okuhlangenwe nakho ngokwako kujabulisa kangangokuthi abantu bayokwenza ngisho nangezindleko ezinkulu, ngenxa nje yokukwenza.”

Ngakho sifika kanjani kulesi simo sengqondo esimangalisayo? Ngokugxila. Ngokuphelele. Kulula kakhulu ukukusho kunokukwenza kulo mhlaba ophazamisayo esiphila kuwo. Kodwa kufanelekile ukugxila ngokuphelele enseleleni ngoba ukwenza kanjalo kusisiza ukuba sifinyelele ukugeleza. U-Csikszentmihalyi uyabhala “Isimo nokuqukethwe kwempilo kuncike ekutheni ukunaka kusetshenziswe kanjani…ukunaka kuyithuluzi lethu elibaluleke kakhulu emsebenzini wokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yesipiliyoni…ukunaka kuyalolonga umuntu uqobo, futhi naye kulolongwa yikho.”

Ingxenye yokuthi kungani ngijabulele i-Flow kangaka ukuxhumana okuphindaphindiwe okwenziwa i-Csikszentmihalyi phakathi kokuhlangenwe nakho okuphelele nemidlalo. (Njengoba abaningi benu nazi, umsebenzi wami ubulokhu uhola kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwemidlalo, futhi njengamanje ngisebenzela umdlalo ofundisa isayensi yokuchuma emsebenzini.) Umbhali ubhala ukuthi “ngisho nemininingwane evamile ingashintshwa kanjani emidlalweni enenjongo yomuntu siqu enikeza ulwazi olufanele.”

Kodwa akufanele sidlale imidlalo ukuze sifinyelele ukugeleza. Nakuba abaningi bethu becabanga ngomsebenzi njengomthwalo kanye nesikhathi sethu sokuphumula njengesikhathi esijabulisayo, u-Csikszentmihalyi (kanye nami) ukholelwa ukuthi umsebenzi ofanele unikeza amathuba amaningi okuchuma. "Eqinisweni, abantu abasebenzayo bathola isipiliyoni sokugeleza - ukugxila okujulile, izinselele namakhono alinganiselayo, umuzwa wokulawula nokwaneliseka - cishe izikhathi ezine emisebenzini yabo, ngokulingana, njengoba benza lapho bebukele ithelevishini."

Ukuhlanganisa imidlalo nokusebenza ndawonye, ​​u-Csikszentmihalyi uthi umsebenzi ungaba umuzwa ongcono uma ufana nomdlalo. “Uma umsebenzi ufana nomdlalo ngokwemvelo—enezinselele ezihlukahlukene, ezifanele nezivumelana nezimo, imigomo ecacile, kanye nempendulo esheshayo—kuyoba mnandi kakhulu.”

ISINGENISO
1. INJABULO IBUYELWE
2. I-ANATOMY OF CONciousness
3. INJABULO KANYE NEQINISO LOKUPHILA
4. IZIMO ZOKUGUBHA
5. UMZIMBA OPHUMA
6. UKUGUBHA KOMcabango
7. SEBENZA NJENGOBA
8. UKUJABULULA UKUBA WEDWA KANYE NABANYE ABANTU
9. Ukudala isiphithiphithi
10. UKWENZA INCAZELO

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