Learn Genetics Pro

Alpha Z Studio

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Ulwazi Lwezakhi Zofuzo Oluyisisekelo
Amaseli yizici zomzimba. Izinhlobo eziningi zamaseli zinemisebenzi ehlukene. Bakha zonke izitho zomzimba wakho kanye nezicubu. Cishe wonke amangqamuzana asemzimbeni womuntu ane-deoxyribonucleic acid efanayo, noma i-DNA. I-DNA iwufuzo kubantu futhi cishe nazo zonke ezinye izinto eziphilayo. I-DNA eminingi itholakala kuyi-nucleus yeseli (lapho ibizwa ngokuthi i-nuclear DNA), kodwa inani elincane le-DNA lingatholakala futhi ku-mitochondria (lapho ibizwa ngokuthi i-mitochondrial DNA).

“Umkhakha wesayensi ophathelene nocwaningo lwe-DNA, izakhi zofuzo, ama-chromosome nezinye izinguquko ezihlobene nakho waziwa ngokuthi izakhi zofuzo.”

Kusayensi yanamuhla, izifundo zofuzo azihlanganisi nje kuphela ukufundwa kwe-DNA, izakhi zofuzo nama-chromosomes kodwa futhi nokusebenzisana kwe-protein-DNA kanye nezinye izindlela ze-metabolic ezihlobene nayo.
Esihlokweni samanje, sethula kafushane izakhi zofuzo kanye namagama avamile asetshenziswa. Lesi sihloko ngesabasaqalayo abasanda kuthola ufuzo.

Umkhakha wezakhi zofuzo wakhanyiselwa lapho uGregor Johann Mendel ethola umthetho wefa kanye nomthetho wokuhlukahluka okuzimele phakathi neminyaka ka-1856-1863.
I-DNA, izakhi zofuzo, nama-chromosome yikona okugxilwe kakhulu kocwaningo kuzakhi zofuzo. I-DNA iwuchungechunge olude, (olubizwa ngokufaneleke kakhulu ngokuthi iketango le-polynucleotide) lezisekelo ze-nitrogen ezinalo lonke ulwazi lokuphila.