Physical Chemistry
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Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza
Uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Physical Chemistry luhlinzeka ngolwazi, incazelo, kanye neziqondiso ozidingayo ukuze ube umpetha kulesi sihloko.
Okuqukethwe kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu:
Ingxenye 1: yohlelo lokusebenza ithuthukisa imiqondo edingekayo ukuze kuxoxwe ngokulingana kukhemistri. Ukulingana kufaka phakathi ukuguqulwa komzimba, okufana nokuxutshwa nokuhwamuka, nokushintsha kwamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa ne-electrochemistry. Ingxoxo imayelana ne-thermodynamics, futhi ikakhulukazi ngokuya nge-enthalpy ne-entropy. Siyabona ukuthi singathola umbono ohlangene wokulingana kanye nesiqondiso soshintsho oluzenzakalelayo ngokuya kwamandla amakhemikhali ezinto. Izahluko eziseNgxenyeni yoku-1 zikhuluma ngenqwaba yezakhiwo zodaba.
Engxenyeni 2 (Isakhiwo): izahluko zibuyekeziwe ngengxoxo yamasu esimanje esayensi yezinto—okuhlanganisa i-Nano-science kanye ne-spectroscopy. Siphinde sanaka kakhulu ikhemistri yokubala, futhi sibuyekeze ukufakwa kwalesi sihloko eSahlukweni 10.
Ingxenye 3: ilahlekelwe izahluko ezinikelwe ku-kinetics yokusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi nezinqubo zangaphandle, kodwa hhayi okokusebenza, esikubheka njengokubaluleke kakhulu kumongo wesimanje. Ukwenza ukwaziswa kufinyeleleke kalula phakathi komongo wezifundo, izincazelo ze-polymerization, ikhemistri yezithombe, ne-enzyme- kanye nokusabela kwe-catalyzed ebusweni manje sekuyingxenye yeSahluko 21 (Amazinga okuphendula kwamakhemikhali) kanye no-22 (Reaction dynamics)—sezivele zijwayelekile. kubafundi bombhalo-kanye nesahluko esisha, Isahluko 23, mayelana ne-Catalysis.
✨Okuqukethwe kohlelo lokusebenza
1. Izakhiwo zamagesi
2. Umthetho Wokuqala
3. Umthetho Wesibili
4. Ukuguqulwa komzimba kwezinto ezihlanzekile
5. Izingxube ezilula
6. Ukulingana kwamakhemikhali
7. Ithiyori ye-Quantum: isingeniso nezimiso
8. Ithiyori ye-Quantum: amasu kanye nokusetshenziswa
9. Isakhiwo se-athomu kanye ne-spectra
10. Ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana
11. Ukulinganisa kwamangqamuzana
12. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 1: i-spectra ejikelezayo ne-vibrational
13. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 2: ukuguqulwa kwe-electronic
14. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 3: i-resonance magnetic
15. Izibalo ze-thermodynamics 1: imiqondo
16. Izibalo ze-thermodynamics 2: izinhlelo zokusebenza
17. Ukusebenzisana kwamangqamuzana
18. Izinto 1: ama-macromolecules kanye nokuzihlanganisa
19. Izinto 2: okuqinile
20. Amangqamuzana ahambayo
21. Amazinga okusabela kwamakhemikhali
22. Amandla okusabela
23. I-Catalysis
📗Izici ezibalulekile:
✔Uhlu lokuhlola lwezibalo ezibalulekile
✔ Imibuzo yezingxoxo
✔Ukuzivocavoca
✔Izinkinga
Okuqukethwe kuhlukaniswe izingxenye ezintathu:
Ingxenye 1: yohlelo lokusebenza ithuthukisa imiqondo edingekayo ukuze kuxoxwe ngokulingana kukhemistri. Ukulingana kufaka phakathi ukuguqulwa komzimba, okufana nokuxutshwa nokuhwamuka, nokushintsha kwamakhemikhali, okuhlanganisa ne-electrochemistry. Ingxoxo imayelana ne-thermodynamics, futhi ikakhulukazi ngokuya nge-enthalpy ne-entropy. Siyabona ukuthi singathola umbono ohlangene wokulingana kanye nesiqondiso soshintsho oluzenzakalelayo ngokuya kwamandla amakhemikhali ezinto. Izahluko eziseNgxenyeni yoku-1 zikhuluma ngenqwaba yezakhiwo zodaba.
Engxenyeni 2 (Isakhiwo): izahluko zibuyekeziwe ngengxoxo yamasu esimanje esayensi yezinto—okuhlanganisa i-Nano-science kanye ne-spectroscopy. Siphinde sanaka kakhulu ikhemistri yokubala, futhi sibuyekeze ukufakwa kwalesi sihloko eSahlukweni 10.
Ingxenye 3: ilahlekelwe izahluko ezinikelwe ku-kinetics yokusabela okuyinkimbinkimbi nezinqubo zangaphandle, kodwa hhayi okokusebenza, esikubheka njengokubaluleke kakhulu kumongo wesimanje. Ukwenza ukwaziswa kufinyeleleke kalula phakathi komongo wezifundo, izincazelo ze-polymerization, ikhemistri yezithombe, ne-enzyme- kanye nokusabela kwe-catalyzed ebusweni manje sekuyingxenye yeSahluko 21 (Amazinga okuphendula kwamakhemikhali) kanye no-22 (Reaction dynamics)—sezivele zijwayelekile. kubafundi bombhalo-kanye nesahluko esisha, Isahluko 23, mayelana ne-Catalysis.
✨Okuqukethwe kohlelo lokusebenza
1. Izakhiwo zamagesi
2. Umthetho Wokuqala
3. Umthetho Wesibili
4. Ukuguqulwa komzimba kwezinto ezihlanzekile
5. Izingxube ezilula
6. Ukulingana kwamakhemikhali
7. Ithiyori ye-Quantum: isingeniso nezimiso
8. Ithiyori ye-Quantum: amasu kanye nokusetshenziswa
9. Isakhiwo se-athomu kanye ne-spectra
10. Ukwakheka kwamangqamuzana
11. Ukulinganisa kwamangqamuzana
12. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 1: i-spectra ejikelezayo ne-vibrational
13. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 2: ukuguqulwa kwe-electronic
14. I-spectroscopy ye-molecular 3: i-resonance magnetic
15. Izibalo ze-thermodynamics 1: imiqondo
16. Izibalo ze-thermodynamics 2: izinhlelo zokusebenza
17. Ukusebenzisana kwamangqamuzana
18. Izinto 1: ama-macromolecules kanye nokuzihlanganisa
19. Izinto 2: okuqinile
20. Amangqamuzana ahambayo
21. Amazinga okusabela kwamakhemikhali
22. Amandla okusabela
23. I-Catalysis
📗Izici ezibalulekile:
✔Uhlu lokuhlola lwezibalo ezibalulekile
✔ Imibuzo yezingxoxo
✔Ukuzivocavoca
✔Izinkinga
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