Hukum Air Madzhab Syafi’i

Santri Media Dakwah

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This Android application is an Explanation of Water-Related Laws in the Syafi'i School by Galih Maulana, Lc. In PDF format.

Laws Related to Water in the Syafi'i School

Syafi'iyah scholars generally start the Thaharah chapter by discussing water. Given the importance of water as a medium for thaharah which causes the legitimacy of an act of worship, the scholars, especially the Syafi'iyah scholars, are very strict in the rules related to this water.

There are four types of water in relation to purification; sacred purifies, sacred purifies but it is makruh to use it, sacred but does not purify and mutanajis. Here's an explanation of each.

Holy Cleansing

Purifying holy water is water that is holy in substance and can be used to purify the body both from hadats and from uncleanness.

Absolute Water

Water that is holy and can purify is absolute water, namely pure water apart from the addition of the standard name behind it. Imam Nawawi (w 676 H) in the book al-Majmu' said;

"The correct definition of absolute water is water that is free from the addition of standard names"

The purpose of adding a standard name is that the water cannot be separated from the additional name behind it. For example coffee water, when water is mixed with coffee grounds, the water changes its name to coffee water, not pure water anymore. People can't call water mixed with coffee grounds just water, they must call it coffee water. So this coffee water is not absolute water, because there is an additional standard name behind it.

It is different if the additional name is not standard, for example well water. Well water even though there is an additional name behind it, namely well, but people can still call this water just water.

There are absolute waters that come from the sky and some that come from the earth, there are three things that come from the sky; rain water, snow water and barod water both of which have melted. While the water that comes from the earth there are four; sea ​​water, river water, well water and water from springs. Abu Syuja namely Syihabudin al-Asfahani (w 593 H) in his book of knowledge said:

“There are seven waters that are legally used for thaharah; rain water, sea water, river water, well water, spring water, snow water and barod water”


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