Izibalo Zekhemikhali - Umdlalo

Verneri Hartus

Iqukethe izikhangisoUkuthenga ngaphakathi nohlelo

Mayelana nale geyimu

Izibalo zekhemikhali ziyisithombe esifushane nesingokomfanekiso sokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Basebenzisa amafomula amakhemikhali nezimpawu ukuchaza ukuguqulwa kwama-reactants abe yimikhiqizo ngesikhathi sokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Izibalo zamakhemikhali zingamathuluzi ayisisekelo kukhemistri njengoba zisiza ososayensi baxhumane futhi baqonde izinqubo ezenzeka ngesikhathi sokusabela.

Ifomethi evamile ye-chemical equation imi kanje:

Ama-reactants → Imikhiqizo

Kule fomethi, ama-reactants ayizinto zokuqala noma amakhemikhali abhekana nokusabela, futhi imikhiqizo yizinto ezintsha ezakhiwe ngenxa yokusabela.

Ifomula yamakhemikhali ngayinye imelela into ethile noma inhlanganisela, futhi ama-coefficients asetshenziselwa ukukhombisa amanani ahlobene wento ngayinye ehilelekile ekuphenduleni. Ama-coefficients ayizinombolo eziphelele ezibekwe phambi kwamafomula amakhemikhali futhi asetshenziselwa ukulinganisa isibalo.

Kubalulekile ukulinganisa izilinganiso zamakhemikhali ngoba kufanele zithobele umthetho wokongiwa kwesisindo, othi izinto azikwazi ukudalwa noma ukubhujiswa ngesikhathi sokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ngakho-ke, inani eliphelele lohlobo ngalunye lwe-athomu kufanele lifane nhlangothi zombili zesibalo.

Ukulinganisa izilinganiso zamakhemikhali kufinyelelwa ngokulungisa ama-coefficients we-reactants kanye nemikhiqizo ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuthi inani lama-athomu e-elementi ngayinye lihlala lifana nhlangothi zombili. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokuzama nangephutha noma ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezihlelekile ezifana nendlela yokuhlola noma indlela ye-algebraic.

Izibalo zamakhemikhali zidlala indima ebalulekile emikhakheni eyahlukene yamakhemikhali, kusukela ekuqondeni ukusebenza kwamakhemikhali okuyisisekelo kuya ezinqubweni eziyinkimbinkimbi zezimboni, futhi zibalulekile ekubikezeleni imiphumela yokusabela kanye nokuklama izinqubo zamakhemikhali ezintsha.

Ukulinganisa izilinganiso zamakhemikhali kuyikhono elibalulekile kukhemistri, futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi umthetho wokongiwa kwesisindo uyalalelwa, okusho ukuthi ingqikithi yesisindo samareactants nemikhiqizo ihlala injalo.

Ngalo mdlalo, uzofunda ukulinganisa izibalo zamakhemikhali, okuwusizo ekutadisheni i-chemistry. Umdlalo uqukethe isamba sezibalo zamakhemikhali ezingu-60 eziqoqwe ngokwamazinga ahlukene obunzima. Igeyimu inamamodeli amangqamuzana abonakalayo asiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo ukwakheka kwezibalo zamakhemikhali. Ngezibali ze-athomu kugeyimu, ungakwazi ukuhlola kalula ukuthi ingabe likhona yini inani elilinganayo le-elementi kuma-reactants nemikhiqizo yokusabela.