Surah An Nisa

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Iqukethe izikhangiso

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Ingxenye yokuqala yeQuran. Isahluko sokuqala sibizwa nge- "The Opening" (Al Fatihah). Iqukethe amavesi ayisishiyagalombili futhi kaningi ibizwa ngokuthi "Umthandazo WeNkosi" wamaSulumane. Isahluko sisonke sifundwa kaninginingi ngesikhathi semikhuleko yansuku zonke yamaSulumane, njengoba sifingqa ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu noNkulunkulu ekukhonzeni. Siqala ngokudumisa uNkulunkulu futhi sifune ukuholwa nguye kuzo zonke izindaba zempilo yethu.

I-Quran bese iyaqhubeka nesahluko eside kunazo zonke sesambulo, "Inkomo" (Al Baqarah). Isihloko sesahluko sisho indaba exoxwe kulesi sigaba (eqala evesini 67) mayelana nabalandeli bakaMose. Ingxenye yokuqala yalesi sigaba ibeka isimo sesintu maqondana noNkulunkulu. Kuwo, uNkulunkulu uthumela ukuholwa nezithunywa, futhi abantu bakhetha ukuthi bazophendula kanjani: bazokholwa, bazokwenqaba ukukholwa ngokuphelele, noma babe ngabazenzisi (bekhohlisa inkolelo ngaphandle bebe benokungabaza noma izinhloso ezimbi ngaphakathi).

IJuz '1 ibuye ifake nendaba yokudalwa kwabantu (enye yezindawo eziningi lapho kubhekiselwa khona) ukusikhumbuza ngemivuzo eminingi nezibusiso zikaNkulunkulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, sethulwa ezindabeni ezikhuluma ngabantu bangaphambilini nokuthi baphendula kanjani ekuqondisweni nasezithunyweni zikaNkulunkulu. Kukhulunywa kakhulu ngabaProfethi u-Abrahama, uMose, noJesu, nemizabalazo abayenza ukuletha ukuholwa kubantu babo.

I-juzʼ (ngesi-Arabhu: جُزْءْ, ubuningi: أَجْزَاءْ ajzāʼ, ngokwezwi nezwi okusho ukuthi "ingxenye") ingenye yezingxenye ezingamashumi amathathu zobude obuhlukahlukene lapho i-Quran ihlukaniswe khona. Kuyaziwa nangokuthi i-para (پارہ / পারা) e-Iran kanye nezwekazi laseNdiya.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-ajzāʼ akuhlobene nencazelo yeQur'ān futhi noma ngubani angaqala ukufunda noma yikuphi kwiQur'ān. Ngezikhathi zangeNkathi Ephakathi, lapho kwakubiza kakhulu kumaSulumane amaningi ukuthenga umbhalo wesandla, amakhophi eQur'ān ayegcinwa emasosheni futhi enziwe afinyeleleke kubantu; lawa makhophi ayevame ukwenziwa ngochungechunge lwezingxenye ezingamashumi amathathu (juzʼ). Abanye basebenzisa le mikhakha ukwenza lula ukuphindaphindwa kweQur'ān ngenyanga — njengaphakathi neRamadan, lapho iQur'ān yonke ifundwa emithandazweni yaseTarawih, ngokuvamile ngesilinganiso se-juzʼ eyodwa ebusuku.

I-juzʼ iphinde yahlukaniswa yaba yi-ḥizbāni (kukhanya. "Amaqembu amabili", ebunyeni: ḥizb, ubuningi: aḥzāb), ngakho-ke, kukhona ama-aḥzāb angama-60. I-ḥizb ngayinye (iqembu) ihlukaniswe yaba izingxenye ezine, yenza amakota ayisishiyagalombili nge-juzʼ ngayinye, ebizwa ngama-maqraʼ (okukhanyisiwe "ukufunda"). Kunezindawo ezingama-240 zalezi zindawo (ama-maqraʼs) eQur'ān. La ma-maqraʼ ajwayele ukusetshenziswa njengezingxenye ezisebenzayo zokubuyekeza lapho ekhanda iQur'ān.

I-juzʼ ekhonjwe kakhulu ngekhanda yi-juzʼ ‘amma, i-juzʼ yama-30, equkethe izahluko (sūrah) 78 kuye ku-114, enezizahluko eziningi ezimfushane kakhulu zeQurnān. UJuzʼ ‘amma uqanjwe igama, njengama-ajzāʼ amaningi, ngemuva kwegama lokuqala levesi lokuqala (kulokhu isahluko 78).

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