Surah Zalzalah

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I-Quran iwumbhalo wenkolo omaphakathi we-Islam, amaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi iyisambulo esivela kuNkulunkulu (Allah). Ithathwa kabanzi njengomsebenzi omuhle kakhulu ezincwadini zesi-Arabhu zasendulo. Ihlelwe ngezahluko eziyi-114 (isurah (سور‎; ubunye:) سورة‎, sūrah)), aqukethe amavesi (āyāt (آيات; ubunye: آية, āyah)).

AmaSulumane akholelwa ukuthi uNkulunkulu wembula ngomlomo iKurani kumprofethi wokugcina, uMuhammad, esebenzisa ingelosi enkulu uGabriel (Jibril), ngokwandayo phakathi nenkathi eyiminyaka engaba ngu-23, kusukela ngenyanga kaRamadan, lapho uMuhammad eneminyaka engu-40; futhi iphetha ngo-632, unyaka wokufa kwakhe. AmaSulumane abheka iQuran njengesimangaliso sikaMuhammad esibaluleke kakhulu; ubufakazi bobuphrofethi bakhe;[ kanye nesiphetho sochungechunge lwemiyalezo yaphezulu eqala ngalezo ezembulelwa u-Adamu, kuhlanganise neTawrah (iTorah), iZabur (“AmaHubo”) kanye ne-Injil (“iVangeli”). Igama elithi Quran livela izikhathi ezingaba ngu-70 embhalweni ngokwawo, kanti amanye amagama namagama kuthiwa abhekisela eQuran.

I-Quran icatshangwa amaSulumane ukuthi ayiphefumulelwe ngokwaphezulu kuphela, kodwa izwi likaNkulunkulu langempela. U-Muhammad akazange abhale njengoba engazi ukuthi abhale kanjani. Ngokwesiko, abaningana babangane bakaMuhammad bakhonza njengababhali, beqopha izambulo. Ngemva nje kokufa komprofethi, iQuran yahlanganiswa abangane, ababeyibhale phansi noma bayibamba ngekhanda izingxenye zayo. U-Caliph Uthman wasungula inguqulo evamile, manje eyaziwa ngokuthi i-Uthmanic codex, ngokuvamile ebhekwa njenge-archetype ye-Quran eyaziwa namuhla. Kukhona, nokho, ukufundwa okuhlukile, okunomehluko omncane kakhulu encazelweni.

I-Quran iqala ukujwayelana nezindaba ezinkulu ezilandiswa emibhalweni yeBhayibheli ne-apocrypha. Ifingqa ezinye, igxile kwezinye futhi, kwezinye izimo, iveze okunye ukulandisa nokuchazwa kwezenzakalo. I-Quran izichaza njengencwadi yokuqondisa isintu (2:185). Ngezinye izikhathi inikeza ukulandisa okuningiliziwe kwezenzakalo ezithile zomlando, futhi ngokuvamile igcizelela ukubaluleka kokuziphatha kwesenzakalo phezu kokulandelana kwaso kokulandisa.[28] Ukwengeza i-Quran ngezincazelo zezindaba zeQuranic ezifihlekile, nezinqumo ezibuye zinikeze isisekelo se-sharia (umthetho wamaSulumane) emahlelweni amaningi e-Islam, ama-hadith—amasiko adluliselwa ngomlomo nabhaliwe okukholelwa ukuthi achaza amagama nezenzo zikaMuhammad. Ngesikhathi somkhuleko, i-Quran ikhulunywa ngesi-Arabhu kuphela.

Umuntu obambe ngekhanda iQuran yonke ubizwa ngokuthi i-hafiz ('inkumbulo'). I-ayah (ivesi le-Quranic) ngezinye izikhathi lishiwo ngohlobo olukhethekile lokukhuluma olugcinelwe le njongo, olubizwa ngokuthi i-tajwid. Ngenyanga ye-Ramadan, amaSulumane ajwayele ukuqedela ukuphindaphinda kwe-Quran yonke ngesikhathi semithandazo ye-tarawih. Ukuze kwengezwe incazelo yevesi elithile le-Quranic, amaSulumane ancike ekuchazeni incazelo, noma ekuhlaziyeni (i-tafsir), esikhundleni sokuhunyushwa okuqondile kombhalo.