Internal combustion engine

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Iqukethe izikhangisoUkuthenga ngaphakathi nohlelo

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

I-encyclopedia enkulu yobuchwepheshe "Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi": injini kaphethiloli, injini yedizili, ikhanda lesilinda, igumbi elivuthayo, i-dohc, i-spark plug, iphampu yamafutha, isistimu yomjovo, isistimu yokukhipha umoya.

Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi iwuhlobo lwenjini yokushisa lapho ingxube kaphethiloli ishiswa ngaphakathi enjinini endaweni evuthayo. Injini enjalo iguqula amandla okuvutha kukaphethiloli abe umsebenzi womshini.

Ezinjinini zokuthungela inhlansi, njengezinjini zikaphethiloli (uphethiloli), igumbi lomlilo livame ukuba sekhanda lesilinda. Izinjini zivame ukuklanywa ngendlela yokuthi indawo ephansi yegumbi lomlilo icishe ihambisane nengaphezulu lebhulokhi yenjini.

I-crankshaft iyi-shaft eqhutshwa yi-crank mechanism, ehlanganisa uchungechunge lwama-crank nama-crankpin lapho izinduku zokuxhuma zenjini zixhunywe khona. Kuyingxenye yomshini ekwazi ukwenza ukuguqulwa phakathi kokunyakaza okuphindaphindayo nokunyakaza okujikelezayo.

I-piston iyisakhi esiyinhloko samaphampu, ama-compressor kanye nezinjini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi eziphindaphindayo, ezisetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla egesi ecindezelwe ibe amandla okunyakaza kokuhumusha. Izinduku zokuxhuma kanye ne-crankshaft zisetshenziselwa ukuguqula amandla abe yi-torque. Injini ephikiswayo iyinjini yepiston lapho isilinda ngasinye sinepiston emikhawulweni yomibili, futhi alikho nekhanda lesilinda.

Ezinjinini ezivuthayo zangaphakathi, ikhanda le-cylinder lifakwe ku-cylinder block, ukukhiya amasilinda futhi kwakha amakamelo omlilo avaliwe. Ijoyinti phakathi kwekhanda nebhulokhi livalwa nge-block head gasket. Ama-valve aneziphethu, ama-spark plugs, ama-injection ngokuvamile afakwe ekhanda. Kuye ngohlobo lwenjini (i-stroke, uhlelo lokuthungela, uhlobo lokupholisa, uhlelo lokusabalalisa igesi), ukuhlelwa kwekhanda kungahluka ngezinga elikhulu kakhulu.

I-carburetor yakhelwe ukulungisa ingxube evuthayo ngokuxuba uphethiloli owuketshezi nomoya futhi ilawule inani lokunikezwa kwayo kumasilinda enjini. Isistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli, ngokungafani nesistimu ye-carburetor, ihlinzeka ngophethiloli ngomjovo ophoqelelwe kusetshenziswa imibhobho ku-multifold intake noma kusilinda.

I-valvetrain noma isitimela se-valve wuhlelo olusebenza ngomshini olulawula ukusebenza kwamavalvu okungenisa nawokukhipha enjini evuthayo yangaphakathi. Amavalvu okukhipha alawula ukugeleza komoya / ingxube kaphethiloli (noma umoya wodwa wezinjini ezijovwe ngqo) ungene endaweni evuthayo, kuyilapho amavalvu ekhipha umoya alawula ukugeleza kwamagesi akhishwayo asetshenzisiwe aphuma egumbini elivuthayo.

Isistimu yokuthungela ikhiqiza inhlansi noma ishise i-electrode ezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze ithungele inhlanganisela yomoya kaphethiloli ezinjinini zokuvutha kwenhlansi zangaphakathi. Isicelo esibanzi kunazo zonke sezinjini zomlilo ezivuthayo zangaphakathi ezimotweni zikaphethiloli (kaphethiloli) njengezimoto nezithuthuthu.

Iphampu yamafutha iyingxenye ebalulekile yanoma iyiphi isistimu yomjovo kaphethiloli enikezela uphethiloli ngqo kusilinda senjini yepiston. Iphampu kaphethiloli iklanyelwe ukudala ingcindezi kulayini kaphethiloli, okumele ibe phezulu kakhulu kunomfutho osesilinda senjini.

Isistimu yokukhipha umoya wemoto yakhelwe ukunciphisa ukunqwabelana kwamagesi ayingozi ngaphakathi enjinini. I-exhaust eningi incikene ngqo nenjini, ithola intuthu ephuma ekuqhumeni kwegumbi lomlilo. I-exhaust manifold ixhunywe ku-catalyst lapho izinto eziyingozi zibola zibe izinto ezinobuthi obuncane kanye namanzi.

Lesi sichazamazwi samahhala ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi:
• iqukethe izincazelo ezingaphezu kuka-4500 zezici namatemu;
• ilungele ochwepheshe kanye nabafundi;
• umsebenzi wokusesha othuthukisiwe ngokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela - ukusesha kuzoqala futhi kubikezele igama njengoba uthayipha;
• ukusesha ngezwi;
• sebenza ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi - isizindalwazi esihlanganiswe nohlelo lokusebenza, azikho izindleko zedatha ezenziwe lapho usesha;
• iwuhlelo lokusebenza olukahle lokubhekisela ngokushesha noma ukufunda injini yemoto.

"Injini yomlilo yangaphakathi. Izingxenye zemoto" iyibhukwana lamagama lamahhala eliphelele elingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi, elihlanganisa imigomo nemiqondo ebaluleke kakhulu.

Yini entsha

News:
- Added new descriptions;
- The database has been expanded;
- Improved performance;
- Fixed bugs.