Plant disease

Helpful Books

Iqukethe izikhangiso

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Izifo zezifo zezitshalo ukucwaninga ngezifo kubantu bezitshalo. Njengezifo zabantu nezinye izilwane, izifo zezitshalo zenzeka ngenxa yamagciwane afana nama-bacterium, ama-virus, isikhunta, ama-oomycetes, ama-nematode, ama-phytoplasmas, ama-protozoa, nezitshalo ezinamagciwane. Izitshalo zezifo zezifo zezitshalo zilwela ukuqonda imbangela nemiphumela yezifo futhi zakha amasu okungenelela ezimweni lapho kungenzeka khona ukulahleka kwezitshalo. Ukungenelela okuyimpumelelo kuzoholela ezingeni eliphansi ngokwanele lezifo ukuthi lamukeleke, kuya ngenani lesitshalo.

I-epidemiology yezifo zezitshalo ivame ukubhekwa kusuka ezinhlotsheni eziningi, ezidinga imibono yebhayoloji, yezibalo, yezolimo neyemvelo. I-biology iyadingeka ukuqonda i-pathogen nomjikelezo wayo wempilo. Kuyadingeka futhi ukuqonda ubuhlakani besitshalo nokuthi i-pathogen iyithinta kanjani kabi. Izindlela ze-Agronomic zivame ukuthonya izehlakalo zezifo zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi kakhulu. Amathonya emvelo maningi. Izinhlobo zemvelo zezitshalo zingasebenza njengezinqolobane zamagciwane abangela izifo ezitshalweni. Amamodeli wezibalo avame ukusetshenziselwa ukufingqa nokuchaza ubunzima besifo sezifo zezitshalo, ukuze izinqubo zezifo ziqondakale kalula. Isibonelo, ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwamaphethini wokuthuthuka kwezifo kwezifo ezahlukahlukene, izilimo, amasu okuphatha, noma izilungiselelo zemvelo kungasiza ekunqumeni ukuthi izifo zezitshalo zingaphathwa kanjani kangcono. Inqubomgomo ingaba nomthelela lapho kwenzeka izifo, ngezenzo ezinjengemikhawulo yokungeniswa okuvela emithonjeni lapho kuvela khona isifo.