Red Tide Florida

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Iqukethe izikhangisoUkuthenga ngaphakathi nohlelo

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lubonisa imephu enezilinganiso zamuva zama-red tide (algal bloom eziyingozi) zezindawo ezisogwini lwaseFlorida.

Akukho ukubhaliswa noma ukungena ngemvume okudingekayo.

Umthombo wedatha: I-NOAA National Coastal Data Development Center

Izilinganiso zithathwa kumasampula wensimu aqoqwa ngawodwana. Thepha okuthi "buyekeza" kuhlelo lokusebenza ukuthola idatha yakamuva kakhulu etholakala ku-NOAA.

Inguqulo yamanje yalolu hlelo lokusebenza ihlanganisa isimo saseFlorida kuphela.


ULWAZI OLUBOMVU LWESIKHATHI SOKUQALA
Umthombo: Iwebhusayithi yeKhomishini Yokulondolozwa Kwezinhlanzi Zasendle yaseFlorida

Uyini igagasi elibomvu?

I-red tide, noma ukuqhuma kwe-algal okuyingozi, kuyisixaka esiphakeme kakhulu kunokujwayelekile kwe-alga encane (isidalwa esinjengesitshalo). EFlorida naseGulf of Mexico, izinhlobo ezibanga amagagasi abomvu kakhulu yiKarenia brevis, evame ukufushaniswa ngokuthi K. brevis.

Ngabe amagagasi abomvu abomvu?

Ezingxenyeni eziphakeme ngokwanele, i-red tide ingashintsha umbala umbala obomvu noma onsundu. Ama-Blooms abangelwa ezinye izinhlobo ze-algal angavela abomvu, ansundu, aluhlaza noma ansomi. Amanzi nawo angahlala umbala wawo ojwayelekile ngesikhathi sokuqhakaza.

Ingabe i-red tide yinto entsha?

Cha, ama-red tides abhalwa eGulf of Mexico eseningizimu emuva kakhulu ngawo-1700 kanye nasogwini lwaseFlorida eGulf ngawo-1840. Izinhlanzi ezibulala izinhlanzi ngaseTampa Bay zaze zabalulwa nasemarekhodini abahloli bamazwe baseSpain.

Ahlala isikhathi esingakanani amagagasi abomvu?

Amagagasi abomvu angahlala nje emavikini ambalwa noma ngaphezulu kunonyaka. Zingancipha ngisho bese ziphinda zenzeke. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza emanzini aseduzane nolwandle lwaseFlorida sincike ezimweni zomzimba neziphilayo ezinomthelela ekukhuleni nasekuphikeleni, kufaka phakathi ukukhanya kwelanga, izakhamzimba nosawoti, kanye nejubane nokuqondisa kwemisinga yomoya namanzi.

Ngabe i-red tide eFlorida itholakala kuma-estuaries, amatheku noma amasistimu wamanzi angenasawoti?

I-red tide eFlorida itholakala emabhishi nasezizalweni zemifula kepha hhayi ezinhlelweni zamanzi ahlanzekile njengamachibi nemifula. Ngoba iKarenia brevis ayikwazi ukubekezelela amanzi anosawoti omncane isikhathi eside, izimbali zivame ukuhlala emanzini anosawoti anosawoti futhi zingangeni ezindaweni ezingaphezulu kwezizalo zemifula. Kodwa-ke, okunye ulwelwe oluyingozi, kufaka phakathi i-cyanobacteria (ulwelwe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza), luqhakaza emachibini nasemifuleni yamanzi angenasawoti.

Kungani amagagasi abomvu eyingozi?

Amagagasi amaningi abomvu akhiqiza amakhemikhali anobuthi angathinta kokubili izinto zasolwandle nabantu. Umzimba we-red tide eFlorida, uKarenia brevis, ukhiqiza ama-brevetoxins angathinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko senhlanzi nezinye izilwane ezinomgogodla, okwenza lezi zilwane zife. Isenzo se-Wave singahle sihlehle amaseli we-K.brevis avulekile futhi sikhiphele lezi zinto ezinobuthi emoyeni, okuholele ekucasukeni kokuphefumula. Kubantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezinzima noma ezingapheli, njenge-emphysema noma i-asthma, i-red tide ingadala ukugula okungathi sína. Ubuthi bama-red tide bungabuye butheleleke kuma-molluscan-feeder feeders afana nama-oysters nama-clams, okungaholela kwi-Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning kubantu abadla izimbaza ezingcolile.

IMIBA YEMPILO NOKUPHEPHA

Ngabe ngiyoba nenkinga yokuphefumula ngesikhathi somsinga obomvu eFlorida?

Abanye abantu babhekana nokucasuka kokuphefumula (ukukhwehlela, ukuthimula, ukudabuka kanye nomphimbo onukayo) lapho umzimba we-red tide, uKarenia brevis, ukhona nemimoya ivunguza olwandle. Imimoya yase-Offshore imvamisa igcina imiphumela yokuphefumula etholwa yilabo osebeni okungenani. UMnyango Wezempilo waseFlorida weluleka abantu abanezimo zokuphefumula ezinzima noma ezingapheli, njenge-emphysema noma i-asthma, ukuthi bagweme izindawo ezinamaza obomvu.

Kuphephile yini ukubhukuda ngesikhathi samaza obomvu eFlorida?

Ukubhukuda kuphephile kubantu abaningi. Kodwa-ke, i-red tide ingadala ukuthi abanye abantu bahlupheke ngesikhumba nangamehlo avuthayo. Abantu abanesifo sokuphefumula bangabhekana nokucasuka kokuphefumula emanzini. Sebenzisa ingqondo. Uma uthambekele ekucasukeni okuvela emikhiqizweni yezitshalo, gwema indawo ene-red tide bloom. Uma uhlangabezana nokucasuka, phuma emanzini bese ugeza kahle. Ungabhukudi phakathi kwezinhlanzi ezifile ngoba zingahlotshaniswa namagciwane ayingozi.