管理栄養士試験 過去問 2027｜999問 全問解説

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Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lokufunda luqukethe imibuzo engu-999 evela ezivivinyweni zikazwelonke ezedlule zabachwepheshe bokudla ababhalisiwe, ehlanganisa izivivinyo ezinhlanu kusukela ezivivinyweni zama-36 (2022) kuya kwezingama-40 (2026). Yonke imibuzo, kufaka phakathi leyo esesivivinyweni samakhono asetshenzisiwe, ifaka izincazelo zempendulo efanele nokuthi kungani ezinye izinketho zingalungile.

Ukuhlolwa kukazwelonke kwabachwepheshe bokudla ababhalisiwe kudinga amaphuzu angu-120 noma ngaphezulu kwemibuzo engu-200 ukuze uphumelele. Azikho amaphuzu amancane okupasa ezifundweni ngazinye, kodwa ukuhlolwa kuyivivinyo elide lamahora amahlanu (kuhlangene ekuseni nantambama), kanti imibuzo engu-30 yokugcina iyivivinyo lamakhono asetshenzisiwe ngokusekelwe ezifundweni zamacala. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza lungasetshenziswa ngabafundi ezikoleni zokuqeqesha abachwepheshe bokudla ababhalisiwe ukuze balungiselele ukuhlolwa kuzwelonke, okubavumela ukuthi bazijwayeze ukuxazulula izifundo zabo ezibuthakathaka kuphela noma bakhumbule amanani avela ku-Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes (uhlelo luka-2025).

■ Izici zalolu vivinyo
- Imitha yamaphuzu okupasa ikuvumela ukuthi uhlole ukuthi mangaki amaphuzu owadingayo ukuze ufinyelele ku-120 ngokusekelwe esivivinyweni sakho sakamuva sokulinganisa noma amaphuzu okuzijwayeza. Ungabe usugxila ekuxazululeni kuphela izihloko lapho ungase ulahlekelwe khona amaphuzu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwamakhono asetshenziswayo kuqukethe izifundo zecala ezingama-54 nemibuzo eyi-148. Ungaqhubeka nokuxazulula izinkinga ezivela esifundweni secala esifanayo ngenkathi umbhalo wesifundo secala uhlala uboniswa esikrinini.
- Ukuhlolwa kokulingisa kufana nokuhlolwa kwangempela: imibuzo engama-97 esifundweni sasekuseni, imizuzu eyi-145; imibuzo eyi-103 esifundweni santambama, imizuzu eyi-160. Ungakhetha ukuthi yisiphi iseshini ozoyixazulula noma uyihlanganise ngokungahleliwe.

- Prakthiza imibuzo engama-35 usebenzisa amagrafu, amafomula esakhiwo, imidwebo yasekhishini, njll. Imidwebo ingandiswa ibe yisikrini esigcwele ngokuyithinta.

- Ngekhanda amakhasi angama-20 edatha yezinombolo evela ku-Japanese Dietary Reference Intakes (uhlelo luka-2025) ngokuthayipha izinombolo.

- Indlela esemthethweni yokufaka amaphuzu iboniswa ngqo, njengoMbuzo 7 wesivivinyo sama-36 (akukho sixazululo, konke kulungile). Emibuzweni lapho amazinga noma imithethonqubo ishintshile selokhu kwashicilelwa isivivinyo, amanothi afakiwe ezincazelweni.

■ Okuqukethwe
・Imibuzo edlule engu-999 (izivivinyo zama-36-40)
・Izincazelo zayo yonke imibuzo
・Amakhadi e-flashcard angu-20

■ Izindawo Zezihloko
・Umphakathi, Imvelo, kanye Nempilo
・Isakhiwo Nomsebenzi Womzimba Womuntu kanye Ne-Pathogenesis Yezifo
・Ukudla Nempilo
・Ukudla Okuyisisekelo
・Ukudla Okusebenzayo
・Umqondo Wemfundo Yokudla Okunempilo
・Ukudla Okunempilo Komphakathi
・Umqondo Wokuphathwa Kwezinsizakalo Zokudla
・Ukuhlolwa Kwamakhono Okusebenzayo

■ Ulwazi Lokuhlolwa Okuyisisekelo
・Usuku Lokuhlolwa: Ukuhlolwa kwama-41: 28 kuNhlolanja 2027 (ngeSonto)
・Izindlela Zokuphumelela: Iphuzu eli-1 ngombuzo ngamunye, amaphuzu aphelele angu-120 noma ngaphezulu kwamaphuzu angu-200.

■ Izici Zokufunda Ezizokusiza Uphumelele
・Ukufunda Kwanamuhla: Kwethula ngokuzenzakalelayo imibuzo edinga ukubuyekezwa kanye nemibuzo emisha, eklanyelwe ukuthola amaphuzu esivivinyo sangempela kanye namaphuzu akho obuthakathaka.
・Buyekeza imibuzo ephinde ivele uma uqala ukukhohlwa. Ukubeka usuku lokuhlolwa kulungisa umjikelezo wokubuyekezwa ukuze uqedele umzuliswano owodwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
・Zijwayeze ngonyaka, isihloko, kanye nezimo ezicacisiwe. Imibuzo engalungile nengaqondakali ifakwa ohlwini ngokuzenzakalelayo.

- Cindezela isikhathi eside ekukhetheni ukuze ususe izinketho. Izimpendulo ezilungile/ezingalungile kanye nezincazelo zesitatimende ngasinye, amabhukumaka, namanothi.
- Zijwayeze ukuhlolwa ngesikhathi esifanayo nesikhathi njengokuhlolwa kwangempela (imizuzu engu-145 yeseshini yasekuseni, imizuzu engu-160 yeseshini yantambama). Ukwahlulela okusekelwe ezindinganisweni zokuphumelela kanye nokuboniswa kwamaphuzu athile esifundo.
- Amathemba okupasa, ikhalenda yokufunda, izinsuku zokufunda ezilandelanayo, iwijethi yesikrini sasekhaya, izikhumbuzo zansuku zonke.
- Usayizi wefonti olungisekayo, itimu emnyama, kanye namathebulethi, imibuzo nezincazelo ziboniswa eceleni.

■ Iphakethe Lokupasa
- Isivivinyo sama-40 (Reiwa 8) siyatholakala kusukela ekuqaleni. Iphakethe Lokupasa livula ukufinyelela kuyo yonke iminyaka, izivivinyo, kanye nezivivinyo zokuzijwayeza.

■ Isexwayiso
- Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luhlelo lokusebenza lokufunda oluzimele futhi aluhlobene noMnyango Wezempilo, Wezabasebenzi kanye Nenhlalakahle. Alumeleli noma iyiphi inhlangano kahulumeni noma inhlangano ephethe izivivinyo.

* Ulwazi olusemthethweni lwezivivinyo (umthombo): https://www.mhlw.go.jp/kouseiroudoushou/shikaku_shiken/kanrieiyoushi/index.html
* Umthombo wemibuzo yezivivinyo: https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/newpage_17056.html
* Umthombo: Wadalwa ngokucubungula iwebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezempilo, Wezabasebenzi kanye Nenhlalakahle, "Imibuzo Nezimpendulo Ezifanele Zokuhlolwa Kukazwelonke Okubhalisiwe Kokudla" (izivivinyo zama-36-40. Izivivinyo zama-36-39 ziyinguqulo egciniwe ekhasini elifanayo). Amakhadi ezinombolo adalwe ngokucubungula "Umbiko weKomidi Lokwakhiwa Kwezikhombisi Zokudla Ezisetshenziswayo ZaseJapane (Uhlelo luka-2025)" loMnyango Wezempilo, Wezabasebenzi kanye Nenhlalakahle (https://www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/newpage_44138.html).

* Amaphuzu abalulekile, izincazelo, kanye nezizathu zenketho ngayinye zidalwe ngokuzimela yilolu hlelo lokusebenza. Azidalwanga nguMnyango Wezempilo, Wezabasebenzi kanye Nenhlalakahle, futhi azizange ziqondiswe ochwepheshe abafana nodokotela noma ochwepheshe bezokudla ababhalisiwe.

* Umbuzo 171 ovela esivivinyweni sama-40 awufakiwe ngoba amalungelo esithombe awakwazanga ukuqinisekiswa (isivivinyo sama-40 sasinemibuzo engu-199).

* Imithetho nemigomo ingashintshwa. Sicela uhlole ulwazi lwakamuva olunikezwe yinhlangano ephethe izivivinyo.

* Amarekhodi okufunda agcinwa kudivayisi yakho kuphela futhi awadluliselwa ngaphandle.

Yini entsha

初めてのリリースです。