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AbuHadi

Mayelana nalolu hlelo lokusebenza

Ikhalenda leCoptic noma ikhalenda lase-Alexandria yikhalenda elisetshenziswa iSonto Lobu-Orthodox eGibhithe.Kwavela njengomphumela wenguquko kaPtolemaic ekhalendeni laseGibhithe.Ikhalenda laseGibhithe laguqulwa ngonyaka ka-238 BC, nguPtolemy III owenza izinguquko eziningana ; Ngokwandisa inani lezinsuku zonyaka waseGibhithe, izinguquko ezingabajabulisanga abapristi baseGibhithe, iphrojekthi yahoxiswa. Kepha yaphinda yasetshenziswa futhi ngonyaka ka-25 BC ngu-Emperor Augustus owashintsha ngokuphelele ikhalenda laseGibhithe ukuze liqondane nekhalenda elisha likaJulius (okuyisisekelo sekhalenda likaGregory elilandelwa yiNtshonalanga namuhla). Ngakho-ke, kwavela ikhalenda lamaCoptic, elisebenza eSontweni Lase-Orthodox laseGibhithe kuze kube namuhla, elihlukile kwikhalenda laseGibhithe laseGibhithe.

Kodwa-ke, ikhalenda laseGibhithe laqhubeka lisebenza kwezinye izazi zezinkanyezi kwaze kwaba yiNkathi Ephakathi, ngakho-ke ikhalenda laseTopiya lathonywa ikhalenda laseGibhithe ngokwenani lezinyanga zonyaka, namagama ahlukene ezinyanga.

Ikhalenda lamaCoptic laqala ngonyaka ka-4241 BC, okungukuthi, ngekhulu lamashumi amane nantathu leminyaka BC, lapho abaseGibhithe lasendulo bebheka inkanyezi yezinkondlo yaseYamani, futhi babeka leli khalenda ngokubheka izinto ezintathu zemvelo ndawonye, ​​okungukuthi: “ukushiswa kwenkanyezi ”“ Ngokuphuma kwelanga ”ngokufika kweSikhukhula seNayile.” Bese babala isikhathi esiphakathi kokubonakala ngakunye kabili baze bafinyelele enanini lezinsuku zonyaka. Bahlukanisa unyaka waba yizinkathi ezintathu ezinkulu, okuyi : uzamcolo, imbewu nokuvuna. Bese kuba yizinyanga eziyishumi nambili, inyanga ngayinye okuyizinsuku ezingamashumi amathathu, base bengeza isikhathi esisele, okuyizinsuku ezinhlanu nengxenye yekota, bakwenza kwaba yinyanga abayibiza ngokuthi yiNyanga Encane, nonyaka weCoptic yaba izinsuku ezingama-365 ngonyaka olula nezinsuku ezingama-366 ngonyaka wokugxuma. Abalimi baseGibhithe balihlonipha leli khalenda ngenxa yokuhambisana kwalo nezikhathi zezolimo futhi basalilandela nanamuhla.

Inyanga yokuqala yonyaka wamaCoptic yinyanga kaTut, ngokubhekisele kusosayensi wezinkanyezi owabeka ikhalenda lasendulo laseGibhithe futhi wasungula izinhlamvu. UTut wazalelwa emzaneni waseMantoot, osekhona namanje, futhi ungowase-Abu Qurqas Centre, eMinya Governorate, e-Upper Egypt, onegama elifanayo elidala.

Isazi seGibhithe i- "Breasted" sibhale ukuthi leli khalenda elihle laqhutshwa ngu "Julius Caesar" laya eRoma futhi lasetshenziswa lapho njengekhalenda elihamba phambili. Kukhulunywa nguDkt. U-Isaac Obeid, encwadini yakhe ethi "The Wisdom of the Egyptian": Leli khalenda yilona khalenda lokuqala lesayensi "ikhalenda elanga" elandelwa yibo bonke abantu bomhlaba ophucukile. Nokuthi ikhalenda lomhlaba jikelele likaGregory lithathwe ekhalendeni likaGregory, elithathwa ekhalendeni lamaRoma, elithathwa ekhalendeni laseGibhithe.

Incazelo yekhalenda leCoptic yikhalenda elanga, ngoba lihlobene nezolimo - njengoba sishilo lapha kuwebhusayithi ye-Anba Takla Haymanot kwezinye izingxenye - lapho kungenakwenzeka khona ukuhlela ukuqala kokuhlwanyela nokuvuna ngokusho Ikhalenda lezinyanga zamaHeberu - kukhumbula ukuthi amaHeberu nama-Arabhu ancike ekwaluseni hhayi kwezolimo. Kuliqiniso manje elinganakwa yisiko elalikhona eGibhithe, eligcizelela ukuthi thina maGibhithe singama-Arabhu.

Kususelwe ku:
https://www.marefa.org/coptic_calendar

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