Contacts indirects

Stéphane DANTIGNY

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Indirect contact is contact between a natural person and a conductive part that is accidentally energized. This is, for example, contact with a metal cabinet not connected to earth and where the electrical equipment it contains has an insulation fault.
In this case, part of the leakage current passes through the human body.
One of the measures to protect against indirect contact is the protection measure by automatically cutting off the power supply to the relevant outgoing circuit breaker.

This measure is based on the association of the two conditions:

- the creation of a fault loop allowing the circulation of a fault current: this fault loop requires the implementation of protective conductors connecting the grounds of the electrical equipment either to an earth connection (TT, IT regime) or to the neutral point of the power supply (TN regime);
- the fault current cut-off by a protection device in a time compatible with personal safety.

We check that the maximum length of the conductors which form the fault loop ensures the triggering of the protection device against insulation faults (magnetic protection on a circuit breaker)

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