Bolyai Society Mathematical Studies

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Latest release: February 4, 2020
Series
17
Books

About this ebook series

Exploring the connections between arithmetic and geometric properties of algebraic varieties has been the object of much fruitful study for a long time, especially in the case of curves. The aim of the Summer School and Conference on "Higher Dimensional Varieties and Rational Points" held in Budapest, Hungary during September 2001 was to bring together students and experts from the arithmetic and geometric sides of algebraic geometry in order to get a better understanding of the current problems, interactions and advances in higher dimension. The lecture series and conference lectures assembled in this volume give a comprehensive introduction to students and researchers in algebraic geometry and in related fields to the main ideas of this rapidly developing area.

Higher Dimensional Varieties and Rational Points
Book 12 · Dec 2013 ·
0.0
Exploring the connections between arithmetic and geometric properties of algebraic varieties has been the object of much fruitful study for a long time, especially in the case of curves. The aim of the Summer School and Conference on "Higher Dimensional Varieties and Rational Points" held in Budapest, Hungary during September 2001 was to bring together students and experts from the arithmetic and geometric sides of algebraic geometry in order to get a better understanding of the current problems, interactions and advances in higher dimension. The lecture series and conference lectures assembled in this volume give a comprehensive introduction to students and researchers in algebraic geometry and in related fields to the main ideas of this rapidly developing area.
Surgery on Contact 3-Manifolds and Stein Surfaces
Book 13 · Mar 2013 ·
0.0
The groundbreaking results of the near past - Donaldson's result on Lef schetz pencils on symplectic manifolds and Giroux's correspondence be tween contact structures and open book decompositions - brought a top ological flavor to global symplectic and contact geometry. This topological aspect is strengthened by the existing results of Weinstein and Eliashberg (and Gompf in dimension 4) on handle attachment in the symplectic and Stein category, and by Giroux's theory of convex surfaces, enabling us to perform surgeries on contact 3-manifolds. The main objective of these notes is to provide a self-contained introduction to the theory of surgeries one can perform on contact 3-manifolds and Stein surfaces. We will adopt a very topological point of view based on handlebody theory, in particular, on Kirby calculus for 3- and 4-dimensionalmanifolds. Surgery is a constructive method by its very nature. Applying it in an intricate way one can see what can be done. These results are nicely com plemented by the results relying on gauge theory - a theory designed to prove that certain things cannot be done. We will freely apply recent results of gauge theory without a detailed introduction to these topics; we will be content with a short introduction to some forms of Seiberg-Witten theory and some discussions regarding Heegaard Floer theory in two Appendices.
A Panorama of Hungarian Mathematics in the Twentieth Century, I
Book 14 · Jun 2010 ·
4.5
A glorious period of Hungarian mathematics started in 1900 when Lipót Fejér discovered the summability of Fourier series.This was followed by the discoveries of his disciples in Fourier analysis and in the theory of analytic functions. At the same time Frederic (Frigyes) Riesz created functional analysis and Alfred Haar gave the first example of wavelets. Later the topics investigated by Hungarian mathematicians broadened considerably, and included topology, operator theory, differential equations, probability, etc. The present volume, the first of two, presents some of the most remarkable results achieved in the twentieth century by Hungarians in analysis, geometry and stochastics.

The book is accessible to anyone with a minimum knowledge of mathematics. It is supplemented with an essay on the history of Hungary in the twentieth century and biographies of those mathematicians who are no longer active. A list of all persons referred to in the chapters concludes the volume.

More Sets, Graphs and Numbers: A Salute to Vera Sòs and András Hajnal
Book 15 · Oct 2010 ·
0.0
Discrete mathematics, including (combinatorial) number theory and set theory has always been a stronghold of Hungarian mathematics. The present volume honouring Vera Sos and Andras Hajnal contains survey articles (with classical theorems and state-of-the-art results) and cutting edge expository research papers with new theorems and proofs in the area of the classical Hungarian subjects, like extremal combinatorics, colorings, combinatorial number theory, etc. The open problems and the latest results in the papers inspire further research.

The volume is recommended to experienced specialists as well as to young researchers and students.

Entropy, Search, Complexity
Book 16 · Apr 2007 ·
5.0
The present volume is a collection of survey papers in the ?elds given in the title. They summarize the latest developments in their respective areas. More than half of the papers belong to search theory which lies on the borderline of mathematics and computer science, information theory and combinatorics, respectively. The volume is slightly related to the twin conferences “Search And Communication Complexity” and “Information Theory In Mathematics” held at Balatonlelle, Hungary in 2000. These conferences led us to believe that there is a need for such a collection of papers. The paper written by Martin Aigner starts with the following relatively new search problem. Given n boolean variables as input one has to ?nd one of them whose value is in majority. The goal is to minimize the number of tests needed for this where one test is to compare two input variables for equality. The paper surveys the large set of problems and results which grew out of this one. In the traditional search model an unknown element is sought in a ?nite set, based on the information that the unknown element is or is not in some (asked) subsets. A variant is when a 0,1 function is given on the underlying set, and only the values of this function at the unknown element x is sought rather than x itself. This is called the recognition problem.
Horizons of Combinatorics
Book 17 · Oct 2008 ·
0.0
Hungarian mathematics has always been known for discrete mathematics, including combinatorial number theory, set theory and recently random structures, combinatorial geometry as well.

The recent volume contains high level surveys on these topics with authors mostly being invited speakers for the conference "Horizons of Combinatorics" held in Balatonalmadi, Hungary in 2006. The collection gives a very good overview of recent trends and results in a large part of combinatorics and related topics, and offers an interesting reading for experienced specialists as well as to young researchers and students.

Handbook of Large-Scale Random Networks
Book 18 · May 2010 ·
0.0
With the advent of digital computers more than half a century ago, - searchers working in a wide range of scienti?c disciplines have obtained an extremely powerful tool to pursue deep understanding of natural processes in physical, chemical, and biological systems. Computers pose a great ch- lenge to mathematical sciences, as the range of phenomena available for rigorous mathematical analysis has been enormously expanded, demanding the development of a new generation of mathematical tools. There is an explosive growth of new mathematical disciplines to satisfy this demand, in particular related to discrete mathematics. However, it can be argued that at large mathematics is yet to provide the essential breakthrough to meet the challenge. The required paradigm shift in our view should be compa- ble to the shift in scienti?c thinking provided by the Newtonian revolution over 300 years ago. Studies of large-scale random graphs and networks are critical for the progress, using methods of discrete mathematics, probabil- tic combinatorics, graph theory, and statistical physics. Recent advances in large scale random network studies are described in this handbook, which provides a signi?cant update and extension - yond the materials presented in the “Handbook of Graphs and Networks” published in 2003 by Wiley. The present volume puts special emphasis on large-scale networks and random processes, which deemed as crucial for - tureprogressinthe?eld. Theissuesrelatedtorandomgraphsandnetworks pose very di?cult mathematical questions.
Building Bridges: Between Mathematics and Computer Science
Book 19 · May 2010 ·
0.0
Discrete mathematics and theoretical computer science are closely linked research areas with strong impacts on applications and various other scientific disciplines. Both fields deeply cross fertilize each other. One of the persons who particularly contributed to building bridges between these and many other areas is László Lovász, a scholar whose outstanding scientific work has defined and shaped many research directions in the last 40 years. A number of friends and colleagues, all top authorities in their fields of expertise and all invited plenary speakers at one of two conferences in August 2008 in Hungary, both celebrating Lovász’s 60th birthday, have contributed their latest research papers to this volume. This collection of articles offers an excellent view on the state of combinatorics and related topics and will be of interest for experienced specialists as well as young researchers.
Fete of Combinatorics and Computer Science
Book 20 · Feb 2011 ·
0.0
Discrete Mathematics and theoretical computer science are closely linked research areas with strong impacts on applications and various other scientific disciplines. Both fields deeply cross fertilize each other. One of the persons who particularly contributed to building bridges between these and many other areas is László Lovász, whose outstanding scientific work has defined and shaped many research directions in the past 40 years. A number of friends and colleagues, all top authorities in their fields of expertise gathered at the two conferences in August 2008 in Hungary, celebrating Lovász' 60th birthday. It was a real fete of combinatorics and computer science. Some of these plenary speakers submitted their research or survey papers prior to the conferences. These are included in the volume "Building Bridges". The other speakers were able to finish their contribution only later, these are collected in the present volume.
An Irregular Mind: Szemerédi is 70
Book 21 · Feb 2011 ·
0.0
Szemerédi's influence on today's mathematics, especially in combinatorics, additive number theory, and theoretical computer science, is enormous. This volume is a celebration of Szemerédi's achievements and personality, on the occasion of his seventieth birthday. It exemplifies his extraordinary vision and unique way of thinking. A number of colleagues and friends, all top authorities in their fields, have contributed their latest research papers to this volume. The topics include extension and applications of the regularity lemma, the existence of k-term arithmetic progressions in various subsets of the integers, extremal problems in hypergraphs theory, and random graphs, all of them beautiful, Szemerédi type mathematics. It also contains published accounts of the first two, very original and highly successful Polymath projects, one led by Tim Gowers and the other by Terry Tao.
Cylindric-like Algebras and Algebraic Logic
Book 22 · Jan 2014 ·
0.0
Algebraic logic is a subject in the interface between logic, algebra and geometry, it has strong connections with category theory and combinatorics. Tarski’s quest for finding structure in logic leads to cylindric-like algebras as studied in this book, they are among the main players in Tarskian algebraic logic. Cylindric algebra theory can be viewed in many ways: as an algebraic form of definability theory, as a study of higher-dimensional relations, as an enrichment of Boolean Algebra theory, or, as logic in geometric form (“cylindric” in the name refers to geometric aspects). Cylindric-like algebras have a wide range of applications, in, e.g., natural language theory, data-base theory, stochastics, and even in relativity theory. The present volume, consisting of 18 survey papers, intends to give an overview of the main achievements and new research directions in the past 30 years, since the publication of the Henkin-Monk-Tarski monographs. It is dedicated to the memory of Leon Henkin.​
Deformations of Surface Singularities
Book 23 · Jan 2014 ·
0.0
The present publication contains a special collection of research and review articles on deformations of surface singularities, that put together serve as an introductory survey of results and methods of the theory, as well as open problems and examples. The aim is to collect material that will help mathematicians already working or wishing to work in this area to deepen their insight and eliminate the technical barriers in this learning process. Additionally, we introduce some material which emphasizes the newly found relationship with the theory of Stein fillings and symplectic geometry. This links two main theories of mathematics: low dimensional topology and algebraic geometry.​

The theory of normal surface singularities is a distinguished part of analytic or algebraic geometry with several important results, its own technical machinery, and several open problems. Recently several connections were established with low dimensional topology, symplectic geometry and theory of Stein fillings. This created an intense mathematical activity with spectacular bridges between the two areas. The theory of deformation of singularities is the key object in these connections.

Geometry - Intuitive, Discrete, and Convex: A Tribute to László Fejes Tóth
Book 24 · Apr 2015 ·
0.0
The present volume is a collection of a dozen survey articles, dedicated to the memory of the famous Hungarian geometer, László Fejes Tóth, on the 99th anniversary of his birth. Each article reviews recent progress in an important field in intuitive, discrete, and convex geometry. The mathematical work and perspectives of all editors and most contributors of this volume were deeply influenced by László Fejes Tóth.
Erdös Centennial
Book 25 · Jan 2014 ·
0.0
Paul Erdös was one of the most influential mathematicians of the twentieth century, whose work in number theory, combinatorics, set theory, analysis, and other branches of mathematics has determined the development of large areas of these fields. In 1999, a conference was organized to survey his work, his contributions to mathematics, and the far-reaching impact of his work on many branches of mathematics. On the 100th anniversary of his birth, this volume undertakes the almost impossible task to describe the ways in which problems raised by him and topics initiated by him (indeed, whole branches of mathematics) continue to flourish. Written by outstanding researchers in these areas, these papers include extensive surveys of classical results as well as of new developments.
Contact and Symplectic Topology
Book 26 · Mar 2014 ·
0.0
Symplectic and contact geometry naturally emerged from the
mathematical description of classical physics. The discovery of new
rigidity phenomena and properties satisfied by these geometric
structures launched a new research field worldwide. The intense
activity of many European research groups in this field is reflected
by the ESF Research Networking Programme "Contact And Symplectic Topology" (CAST). The lectures of the Summer School in Nantes (June 2011) and of the CAST Summer School in Budapest (July 2012) provide a nice panorama of many aspects of the present status of contact and symplectic topology. The notes of the minicourses offer a gentle introduction to topics which have developed in an amazing speed in the recent past. These topics include 3-dimensional and higher dimensional contact topology, Fukaya categories, asymptotically holomorphic methods in contact topology, bordered Floer homology, embedded contact homology, and flexibility results for Stein manifolds.
New Trends in Intuitive Geometry
Book 27 · Nov 2018 ·
0.0
This volume contains 17 surveys that cover many recent developments in Discrete Geometry and related fields. Besides presenting the state-of-the-art of classical research subjects like packing and covering, it also offers an introduction to new topological, algebraic and computational methods in this very active research field. The readers will find a variety of modern topics and many fascinating open problems that may serve as starting points for research.


Building Bridges II: Mathematics of László Lovász
Book 28 · Feb 2020 ·
0.0
This volume collects together research and survey papers written by invited speakers of the conference celebrating the 70th birthday of László Lovász.

The topics covered include classical subjects such as extremal graph theory, coding theory, design theory, applications of linear algebra and combinatorial optimization, as well as recent trends such as extensions of graph limits, online or statistical versions of classical combinatorial problems, and new methods of derandomization.

László Lovász is one of the pioneers in the interplay between discrete and continuous mathematics, and is a master at establishing unexpected connections, “building bridges” between seemingly distant fields. His invariably elegant and powerful ideas have produced new subfields in many areas, and his outstanding scientific work has defined and shaped many research directions in the last 50 years.

The 14 contributions presented in this volume, all of which are connected to László Lovász's areas of research, offer an excellent overview of the state of the art of combinatorics and related topics and will be of interest to experienced specialists as well as young researchers.