ООП в Python 3.x
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Bangani! Ngenxa yezizathu zempilo kanye nobunye ubunzima obungalindelekile, ngiphoqelekile ukuthi ngiqondise kabusha umcibisholo wokuhlangenwe nakho kwami nolwazi kwamanye amaphrojekthi; okwamanje isicelo asibuyekezwa, izahluko ezintsha zisesimweni sokuxokozela, njengokungathi ikati lihlakaze izingcezu zephepha. Ngokushesha nje lapho yonke into ibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile, umsebenzi kuphrojekthi uzoqhubeka.
Manje akunakwenzeka ukusekela nokuvula izigaba ezivaliwe (kuzoba nephutha kuhlelo lokusebenza). Ngiyaxolisa futhi ngithemba ukuxazululwa ngokushesha kwalesi simo.
Uyafuna ukufunda ukuthi ungazakha kanjani izinhlelo ku-paradigm yokuhlela egxile ezintweni? Uyafuna ukubheka ukwakheka nezimiso zokwakha ama-algorithms wegeyimu? Funda indlela yokusebenza ngezithombe ku-pygame: ukubonisa izithombe, ukusebenza ngomsindo, ukulandelela izinkinobho zekhibhodi nezenzo zegundane?
Isicelo siwukuqhubeka kochungechunge lwezinto zokufundisa "Ukuhlelwa kwegeyimu, indalo kusukela ekuqaleni (Python 3)". Lapha sizokhuluma ngezisekelo nezimiso zokuthuthukisa izinhlelo kusetshenziswa uhlelo olugxile entweni kunguqulo ye-Python 3.x.
Okubalulekile kwe-"dummies" ku-OOP, kodwa hhayi abaqalayo ku-Python. Kudingeka ulwazi lwezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zolimi: izihlonzi, izinkulumo ezinengqondo, izimo, izihibe. Ulwazi nokuqonda imisebenzi ngolimi lokuhlela kubaluleke kakhulu.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yemibono nokusetshenziswa, izibonelo ezingokoqobo nemiphumela inikezwa. Ukufakwa kuhlu kwamakhodi amakhulu kungalandwa kuzixhumanisi futhi kuzanywe kukhompuyutha yakho. Ukusebenza kohlelo kuqinisekisiwe kunguqulo ye-Python 3.7 nangaphezulu. Uma uthuthukisa kuma-smartphones, kuzosebenza, kepha ikhodi kuzodingeka ilungiswe (isibonelo, shintsha idatha yesayizi yesikrini). Kodwa noma kunjalo, umbhali uncoma kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu, uma kungenzeka.
Yini ecatshangelwayo? I-OOP mechanics: izimiso zokuthuthukisa nokubhala ikhodi yekilasi, ukudala izimo zekilasi: yonke into enezibonelo nezincazelo ezinemininingwane. Ingxenye yobuchwepheshe yomsebenzi wezinto ku-RAM yedivayisi iyacatshangelwa. Izindlela eziphoqelekile, izibonelo kanye nezizathu zokuqaliswa. Imisebenzi yesixazululo esizimele. Sebenza ngemifanekiso, imisindo nemishini yokufaka. Imidwebo ye-UML. Amaphethini wokuhlela we-OOP wabaqalayo.
Kanye nokukhipha kanye nokuhlanganisa okubi kakhulu, ifa elingaqondakali, i-polymorphism esabekayo, uhlobo oluthile lwezixhumanisi, nazo zonke izinhlobo zesimo nokuziphatha, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kufihla idatha. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba - konke kuchazwa ngamagama alula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho: isifundo segama eliyimfihlakalo self, nokuthi kungani kungenakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwalo.
Ngemva kokufunda, uzothola ithuluzi lokuthuthukisa eyakho i-tic-tac-toe, imidlalo ehlukahlukene ye-blackjack, abadubuli be-rpg kanye, vele, abachofozi! Unikezwa ithuluzi ongabhala ngalo noma yiluphi uhlelo uma unesikhathi samahhala.
Inconyelwe abaneminyaka engu-13+ futhi nanoma ubani onentshisekelo. Kuzoba usizo kothisha nabafundisi besayensi yekhompyutha.
Isiqubulo sendaba: "OOP, empeleni, ilula!". Kubafundi abahlukahlukene, isitayela "sesayensi ethandwayo" esinemibuzo yokuzithiba, imidwebo kanye nama-memes.
Umbhali ukufisela inhlanhla ekufundeni izinhlelo, izinkinga ezinhle kuwe, ikhodi ezithakazelisayo nezisombululo ezihlakaniphile!
Manje akunakwenzeka ukusekela nokuvula izigaba ezivaliwe (kuzoba nephutha kuhlelo lokusebenza). Ngiyaxolisa futhi ngithemba ukuxazululwa ngokushesha kwalesi simo.
Uyafuna ukufunda ukuthi ungazakha kanjani izinhlelo ku-paradigm yokuhlela egxile ezintweni? Uyafuna ukubheka ukwakheka nezimiso zokwakha ama-algorithms wegeyimu? Funda indlela yokusebenza ngezithombe ku-pygame: ukubonisa izithombe, ukusebenza ngomsindo, ukulandelela izinkinobho zekhibhodi nezenzo zegundane?
Isicelo siwukuqhubeka kochungechunge lwezinto zokufundisa "Ukuhlelwa kwegeyimu, indalo kusukela ekuqaleni (Python 3)". Lapha sizokhuluma ngezisekelo nezimiso zokuthuthukisa izinhlelo kusetshenziswa uhlelo olugxile entweni kunguqulo ye-Python 3.x.
Okubalulekile kwe-"dummies" ku-OOP, kodwa hhayi abaqalayo ku-Python. Kudingeka ulwazi lwezakhiwo eziyisisekelo zolimi: izihlonzi, izinkulumo ezinengqondo, izimo, izihibe. Ulwazi nokuqonda imisebenzi ngolimi lokuhlela kubaluleke kakhulu.
Incazelo eningiliziwe yemibono nokusetshenziswa, izibonelo ezingokoqobo nemiphumela inikezwa. Ukufakwa kuhlu kwamakhodi amakhulu kungalandwa kuzixhumanisi futhi kuzanywe kukhompuyutha yakho. Ukusebenza kohlelo kuqinisekisiwe kunguqulo ye-Python 3.7 nangaphezulu. Uma uthuthukisa kuma-smartphones, kuzosebenza, kepha ikhodi kuzodingeka ilungiswe (isibonelo, shintsha idatha yesayizi yesikrini). Kodwa noma kunjalo, umbhali uncoma kakhulu ukusebenzisa ikhompyutha yomuntu siqu, uma kungenzeka.
Yini ecatshangelwayo? I-OOP mechanics: izimiso zokuthuthukisa nokubhala ikhodi yekilasi, ukudala izimo zekilasi: yonke into enezibonelo nezincazelo ezinemininingwane. Ingxenye yobuchwepheshe yomsebenzi wezinto ku-RAM yedivayisi iyacatshangelwa. Izindlela eziphoqelekile, izibonelo kanye nezizathu zokuqaliswa. Imisebenzi yesixazululo esizimele. Sebenza ngemifanekiso, imisindo nemishini yokufaka. Imidwebo ye-UML. Amaphethini wokuhlela we-OOP wabaqalayo.
Kanye nokukhipha kanye nokuhlanganisa okubi kakhulu, ifa elingaqondakali, i-polymorphism esabekayo, uhlobo oluthile lwezixhumanisi, nazo zonke izinhlobo zesimo nokuziphatha, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kufihla idatha. Asikho isidingo sokwesaba - konke kuchazwa ngamagama alula.
Ngaphezu kwalokho: isifundo segama eliyimfihlakalo self, nokuthi kungani kungenakwenzeka ukwenza ngaphandle kwalo.
Ngemva kokufunda, uzothola ithuluzi lokuthuthukisa eyakho i-tic-tac-toe, imidlalo ehlukahlukene ye-blackjack, abadubuli be-rpg kanye, vele, abachofozi! Unikezwa ithuluzi ongabhala ngalo noma yiluphi uhlelo uma unesikhathi samahhala.
Inconyelwe abaneminyaka engu-13+ futhi nanoma ubani onentshisekelo. Kuzoba usizo kothisha nabafundisi besayensi yekhompyutha.
Isiqubulo sendaba: "OOP, empeleni, ilula!". Kubafundi abahlukahlukene, isitayela "sesayensi ethandwayo" esinemibuzo yokuzithiba, imidwebo kanye nama-memes.
Umbhali ukufisela inhlanhla ekufundeni izinhlelo, izinkinga ezinhle kuwe, ikhodi ezithakazelisayo nezisombululo ezihlakaniphile!
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ОБЛ. РОСТОВСКАЯ, Г. ВОЛГОДОНСК, УЛ. 30 ЛЕТ ПОБЕДЫ, Д. 7, КВ. 10
ВОЛГОДОНСК
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Russia
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