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ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ื”ื–ื•

ืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื IP ืขื•ื–ืจืช ืœืš ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ืจืฉืช ืžืขืฉื™ื•ืช ืžืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ื”ืื ื“ืจื•ืื™ื“ ืฉืœืš.

ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื” ืžืฉืœื‘ืช ื›ืœื™ื ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืขื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช IP, ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื™ื, ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช DNS, ืชื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช HTTP, ืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื, ืื™ืฉื•ืจื™ SSL/TLS, ื˜ื•ื•ื—ื™ CIDR ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช. ื”ื™ื ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ืœืžืคืชื—ื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ IT, ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื•ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉื–ืงื•ืง ืœืื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืจืฉืช ืžื”ื™ืจ ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ืงื”, ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืื• ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื•ืช.

ืขื ืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื IP, ืชื•ื›ืœ:

ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช IPv4 ื•-IPv6 ืœื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช ื•ืกื™ืžื•ืœืฆื™ื•ืช.
ืœืืžืช ืงืœื˜ IPv4, IPv6 ื•-CIDR ืขื ืžืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืจื•ืจ.
ืœื”ืžื™ืจ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช IPv4 ื‘ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืจืžื˜ื™ื ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืืจื™, ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื, ื”ืงืกื“ืฆื™ืžืœื™, CIDR ื•ืžืกื›ื•ืช ืจืฉืช ืžืฉื ื”.
ืœื—ืฉื‘ ืคืจื˜ื™ CIDR ื›ื•ืœืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืจืฉืช, ื›ืชื•ื‘ืช ืฉื™ื“ื•ืจ, ืžืกื™ื›ืช ืชื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืœืœื™ื™ื, ื˜ื•ื•ื— ืžืืจื—ื™ื ื•ืกืš ื”ืžืืจื—ื™ื.
ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ IP ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™, IP ืžืงื•ืžื™, DNS, ืฉืขืจ, Wi-Fi ื•-IPv6.
ืœื”ืจื™ืฅ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ DNS ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืกื•ื’ื™ ืจืฉื•ืžื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื™ื.
ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ืžืฆื‘ HTTP ื•-HTTPS, ื–ืžืŸ ืชื’ื•ื‘ื”, ื”ืคื ื™ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืชืจื•ืช, ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช IP ืฉื ืคืชืจื• ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘-HTTPS.
ื‘ื“ื•ืง ื™ืฆื™ืื•ืช ื ืคื•ืฆื•ืช ืื• ืžื•ืชืืžื•ืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœืจืื•ืช ืื ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืคืชื•ื—ื™ื, ืกื’ื•ืจื™ื ืื• ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื.
ื‘ื“ื•ืง ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช SSL/TLS ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืžื ืคื™ืง, ืชืืจื™ื›ื™ ืชื•ืงืฃ, ืกื˜ื˜ื•ืก ืชืคื•ื’ื” ื•ืคืจื•ื˜ื•ืงื•ืœ.
ืฉืžื•ืจ ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื•, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื•ืช, ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ื ื•ื—ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื.

ื”ืขืชืง ืื• ื™ื™ืฆื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืชื™ืขื•ื“, ื‘ื“ื™ืงื” ืื• ืฉื™ืชื•ืฃ.

ืขืจื›ืช ื”ื›ืœื™ื IP ื ื•ืขื“ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืคืฉื•ื˜ื”, ืžืื•ืจื’ื ืช ื•ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉื™ืช ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืจืฉืช ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืืชื” ืžื‘ืฆืข ื ื™ืคื•ื™ ื‘ืื’ื™ื ื‘-API, ื‘ื•ื“ืง ื“ื•ืžื™ื™ืŸ, ืœื•ืžื“ ืชืช-ืจืฉืชื•ืช, ืžืืžืช ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช ืื• ืกื•ืงืจ ืคืจื˜ื™ ืงื™ืฉื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ื™ื.

ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื•ืžื™ื“ืข ืžื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืžืื•ื—ืกื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื‘ืžื›ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœืš ื‘ืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจ.
ื›ืœื™ ืขื–ืจ ืจืฉืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ IP, DNS, HTTP, SSL, ืคื•ืจื˜ื™ื ื•-CIDR.
ืขื“ื›ื•ืŸ ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ื‘ืชืืจื™ืš
1 ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ 2026

ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื ืชื•ื ื™ื

ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื•ืช ืฆืจื™ืš ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืื•ืกืคื™ื ื•ืžืฉืชืคื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœืš. ื ื•ื”ืœื™ ืคืจื˜ื™ื•ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ื•ืื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื”ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชื ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ, ืœืื–ื•ืจ ื•ืœื’ื™ืœ ื”ืžืฉืชืžืฉ. ื”ืžืคืชื— ืกื™ืคืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ื“ืข ื”ื–ื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœืขื“ื›ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ืžื“ื™ ืคืขื.

ืžื” ื—ื“ืฉ?

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ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”

ืžื™ื“ืข ืขืœ ืžืคืชื—ื™ ื”ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื”
FERNANDO VALLER DA SILVA LIMA
fernandovaller@gmail.com
Brazil

โ€ซืขื•ื“ ืžื‘ื™ืช Fernando Vallerโ€Žโ€

ืืคืœื™ืงืฆื™ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื•ืช