Проект программы «Общества для распространения грамотности и первоначального образования»

Иван Тургенев

May 2022 · Litres

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Мысль о создании «Общества для распространения грамотности и первоначального образования» возникла у Тургенева в первой половине августа 1860 г., во время пребывания писателя в Вентноре, на острове Уайт. Кружок, в котором обсуждался проект программы и циркуляр, состоял в основном из либеральных деятелей. Тургенев, будучи не только инициатором и составителем, но и главным пропагандистом проекта, решил обратиться к самому широкому кругу русских деятелей, видимо, решив представить проект как общенародное дело, стоящее вне партий и политических направлений. По своему духу проект таким и был, что отмечает и Анненков в своих воспоминаниях.

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Ivan Turgenev, 1818 - 1883 Novelist, poet and playwright, Ivan Turgenev, was born to a wealthy family in Oryol in the Ukraine region of Russia. He attended St. Petersburg University (1834-37) and Berlin University (1838-41), completing his master's exam at St. Petersburg. His career at the Russian Civil Service began in 1841. He worded for the Ministry of Interior from 1843-1845. In the 1840's, Turgenev began writing poetry, criticism, and short stories under Nikolay Gogol's influence. "A Sportsman's Sketches" (1852) were short pieces written from the point of view of a nobleman who learns to appreciate the wisdom of the peasants who live on his family's estate. This brought him a month of detention and eighteen months of house arrest. From 1853-62, he wrote stories and novellas, which include the titles "Rudin" (1856), "Dvorianskoe Gnedo" (1859), "Nakanune" (1860) and "Ottsy I Deti" (1862). Turgenev left Russia, in 1856, because of the hostile reaction to his work titled "Fathers and Sons" (1862). Turgenev finally settled in Paris. He became a corresponding member of the Imperial Academy of Sciences in 1860 and Doctor of Civil Law at Oxford University in 1879. His last published work, "Poems in Prose," was a collection of meditations and anecdotes. On September 3, 1883, Turgenev died in Bougival, near Paris.