我们的去向：全球化语境下的中国“城乡关系”书写(Our Direction: The Writing of Chinese “Urban-rural Relationship” under the Globalization Context): 全球化语境下的中国"城乡关系"书写

梁波

Mar 2016 · BEIJING BOOK CO. INC.

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今天各种新闻报道、理论文章一直在强调中国正处于一个社会转型时期，正在由传统乡土社会向现代城市社会转型。有人这样定义社会转型：“从字面意义上说，社会转型是指人类社会由一种存在类型向另一种存在类型的转变，意味着社会系统内在结构的变迁，意味着人们的生活方式、生产方式、心理结构、价值观念等各方面全面而深刻的革命性变革。”这是一个中性的表述，并没有指明转型的前途，但人类总是期盼着向光明、美好的方向转型，而不是相反。于是我们都对转型怀着迫切的期冀，期待着幸福美好生活的尽快来临。从新时期以来中国社会的现实发展来看，无疑我们也正是朝着这样一个积极的方向在前进，乡村在城市化，农民在市民化，生活在现代化，人们已经享受到转型带来的益处，并对转型有着正面的预期，转型也为我们允诺了一个更加美好的未来。但这美好未来的允诺却造成一种认识的误区，那就是将社会中某些不和谐、不正常的现象统统认定为社会转型的必然症候，把社会转型当作一个巨大的口袋，将我们在转型时期可以避免或不可避免的错误全部装入其中，然后一味要求人们都向前看。新时期以来，中国的发展速度超乎寻常，现代化进程急速向前迈进，乡村在飞快地城市化。在这样的历史阶段，在城乡激烈的冲突巨变中，难免有着遗憾与疏漏，这是可以理解的，但如果以此来搪塞对一部分人群的忽视与漠然，这却是不能原谅的。(Nowadays, various news reports and theoretical articles have been emphasizing that China is in the transformation period of society, it is transformed from traditional rural society to modern urban society. Some people define social transformation like this: “Literally, social transformation refers to human society’s transformation from one existing type to another existing type, means the change of the inner structure of the social system, means the comprehensively and profoundly revolutionary transform of people’s life style, production mode, psychological structure, values and other aspects.” This is a neutral statement, which does not point out the future of the transformation, but human beings are always looking forward to the transformation to the bright and beautiful direction, instead of the opposite. So we all have an urgent expectation for the transformation, and look forward to the happy life coming as soon as possible. From the realistic development of Chinese society since the new period, we are undoubtedly marching toward such a positive direction, villages are urbanized, farmers are civilized, lives are modernized, people have enjoyed the benefits of the transformation, and have positive expectations for the transformation, and the transformation also promises us a better future. But the promise of this better future causes a misunderstanding of recognition, which is regarding some disharmonious and abnormal phenomena in the society as the inevitable signs of social transformation, treating social transformation as a huge pocket, to put all the evitable and inevitable mistakes of transformation period in it, and then blindly asking people to look forward. Since the new period, the developing speed of China is extraordinary, the process of modernization is moving forward rapidly, and the villages are rapidly urbanized. In such a historical period, it is hard to avoid regrets and omissions in the sharp conflict between urban and rural areas, but if we prevaricate the ignorance and indifference of some crowds, it is unable to be forgivable.)