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?西安事变，又称“双十二事变”。为了劝谏蒋介石改变“攘外必先安内”的既定国策，停止内战，一致抗日。张学良和杨虎城在西安华清池发动兵变，扣留了时任国民政府军事委员会委员长和西北剿匪总司令的蒋中正，时称“西安兵谏”。在中共中央和周恩来同志的主导下，最终以蒋介石接受“停止剿共、一同抗日”的主张而获释，迫使国民政府放弃“攘外必先安内”基本国策，抗日统一战线形式上建立。
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