์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „056 ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(English Classics056 Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes)

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๋งŒ์ธ์˜ ๋งŒ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•, ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)(1651) : ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)์€ ์œ ๋Œ€๊ต ์‹ ํ™”(Judaism)์— ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋ฑ€(sea serpent)์œผ๋กœ ํžˆ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ ์„ฑ๊ฒฝ(Hebrew Bible)์„ ๋น„๋กฏํ•ด ์šฅ๊ธฐ(the Book of Job), ์ด์‚ฌ์•ผ์„œ(the Book of Isaiah), ์•„๋ชจ์Šค์„œ(Book of Amos), ์—๋…น์„œ(Book of Enoch) ๋“ฑ์—๋„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ชฉ์€ ์šฅ๊ธฐ(the Book of Job) 41์žฅ์— ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฐ”์•Œ ํ•˜๋‹ท ์‹ (the god Baal Hadad)์ด ์˜› ๊ฐ€๋‚˜์•ˆ์ธ ๋กœํƒ„(the older Canaanite Lotan)์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜์„ ๋ฌด์ฐŒ๋ฅด๋Š” ์žฅ๋ฉด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์„œ๊ตฌ ์‹ ํ™”์—์„œ ์˜์›…์ด ์šฉ, ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฑ€ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๊ดด์ˆ˜(mythical creature)๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ฐŒ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ฃ .

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ํ™‰์Šค๋Š” โ€˜์˜์›ํžˆ ์ฃฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค ๊ดด์ˆ˜โ€™ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)์„ โ€˜์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒดโ€™, ์ฆ‰ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์— ๋น„์œ ํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฑ… ์ œ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€, ์™•๊ณผ ์ข…๊ต์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ด ์ง‘์•ฝ๋œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)(1651) ๋ถ€์ œ๋Š” '๊ตํšŒ ๋ฐ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์˜ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๋‚ด์šฉยทํ˜•ํƒœยท๊ถŒ๋ ฅ(The Matter, Forme and Power of a Common-Wealth Ecclesiastical and Civil)โ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฑ…์˜ ์ œ๋ชฉ๋งŒ ๋ณด์ž๋ฉด, ์‚ฌ์ƒ์„œ๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค โ€˜์˜์›…์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๊ดด์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์ฐŒ๋ฅด๋Š” ํŒํƒ€์ง€ ์žฅ๋ฅดโ€™๊ฐ€ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€์š”. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜์ด๋ž€ ์ œ๋ชฉ์˜ ์†Œ์„ค๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฟ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1651๋…„ ์ถœ๊ฐ„๋œ ์ฑ…์˜ ํ‘œ์ง€์—๋Š” ์„ฑ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋‹ค๋ณด๋Š” โ€˜๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต ์ธ๊ฐ„โ€™์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ์™•๊ด€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ์™ผ์†์—๋Š” ์™•ํ™€(็Ž‹็ฌ, scepter)์„, ์˜ค๋ฅธ ์†์—๋Š” ๊ฒ€์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณต๋ฏผ(ๅ…ฌๆฐ‘)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์–‘๋„๋ฐ›์€ ์ง€ํœ˜๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์€์œ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ํ™‰์Šค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณต๋ฏผ(ๅ…ฌๆฐ‘)์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์˜ ์ด์–‘์ž๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์„ธํžˆ ๋ณด๋ฉด โ€˜๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ๊ณต ์ธ๊ฐ„โ€™์€ โ€˜๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ์ฒดโ€™๋กœ ์„ธ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ์˜ค๋ฆ„!!

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ํ™‰์Šค๋Š” ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)(1651)์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์™•๊ถŒ์‹ ์ˆ˜์„ค(็Ž‹ๆฌŠ็ฅžๆŽˆ่ชช, Divine Right of Kings)์ด ๋Œ€์„ธ์ด๋˜ ๋‹น์‹œ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ โ€˜์™•์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅโ€™์ด ์‹ (์œ„)์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ โ€˜ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์ธ๊ฐ„(์•„๋ž˜)โ€™์˜ ํ•ฉ์˜๋กœ์จ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์˜€์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ตํ™ฉ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ถ€์ธํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค์™€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์˜ค ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด(Galileo Galilei)๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋™์„ค์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€ํƒ ์—ฐ๊ธˆ(1633)์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ , ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ…์ด ๊ธˆ์„œ๋กœ ์ง€์ •๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ํ™‰์Šค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์€ ๊ทธ์•ผ๋ง๋กœ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ข…๊ต ์žฌํŒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)(1651) ์ถœ๊ฐ„ ์ „์ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์„ ๊ฐ€ 11๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋จธ๋ฌผ ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics)๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์ œ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„, ๋‚ด์ผ๋„ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌธํ•™์—ฌํ–‰์„! B

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โ€œWhatsoever therefore is consequent to a time of war, where every man is enemy to every man, the same consequent to the time wherein men live without other security than what their own strength and their own invention shall furnish them withal. In such condition there is no place for industry... no knowledge of the face of the earth; no account of time; no arts; no letters; no society; and which is worst of all, continual fear, and danger of violent death; and the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short.โ€ โ€œ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์›์ˆ˜์ธ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ์ž๊ธฐ ํž˜๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ๋ช…ํ’ˆ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•ˆ์ „์žฅ์น˜ ์—†์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํƒœ๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฐ์—…๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€ฆ. ๋•…์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ์„ธ์›”์„ ํ—ค์•„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธ€์ž๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ์‚ฌํšŒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ์•…์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›€๊ณผ ๋‚œํญํ•œ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ์‚ถ์€ ๊ณ ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณ ์•ฝํ•˜๊ณ , ์ž”์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ์งง์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

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ํ˜ธ๋น„์ฆ˜(Hobbism)๊ณผ ํ˜ธ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ(Hobbist) : ํ˜ธ๋น„์ฆ˜(Hobbism)์€ 1์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” โ€˜ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ(the philosophical system of Thomas Hobbes)โ€™์„ ๋œปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น๋Œ€์˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹ ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•œ ๋ฌด์‹ ๋ก ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•œ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ตฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™•๊ถŒ์‹ ์ˆ˜์„ค์„ ์ถ”์ข…ํ•˜๋Š” ์™•๋‹นํŒŒ์™€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๊ตฐ์ฃผ๋ก ์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ํšŒํŒŒ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋™์‹œ์— ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๋Š”โ€ฆ. ํ˜ธ๋น„์ฆ˜(Hobbism)์€ ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์ž์™€ ์ข…๊ต์ธ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ˜๋ฐœ์„ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ ์ผ์œผ์ผฐ์œผ๋‚˜, ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ทธ์˜ ํ˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์— ์—ด๊ด‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ”์ข…์ž ๋˜ํ•œ ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ํ˜ธ๋น„์ฆ˜(Hobbism)์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ผ์ปซ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์„ ํ˜ธ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ(Hobbist)๋ผ ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๋กœ ์น˜๋ฉด ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ํŒฌํด๋Ÿฝ์— ๋น„์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.

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โ€œTo this war of every man against every man, this also in consequent; that nothing can be unjust. The notions of right and wrong, justice and injustice have there no place. Where there is no common power, there is no law, where no law, no injustice. Force, and fraud, are in war the cardinal virtues.โ€ โ€œ๋งŒ์ธ์ด ๋งŒ์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ํˆฌ์Ÿํ•œ ์ „์Ÿ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ •์˜๋กญ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ณ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆ„, ์ •์˜์™€ ๋ถˆ์˜์˜ ๊ด€๋…์€ ์„ค ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋™์˜ ํž˜์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋„ ์—†๊ณ , ๋ฒ•๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์—๋Š” ๋ถˆ์˜๋„ ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „์Ÿ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ค์ง ํž˜๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๋งŒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋•๋ชฉ์ผ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."

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3๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์ž(็คพๆœƒๅฅ‘็ด„่ซ–่€…) : ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค๋Š” ์ž์—ฐ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ bellum omnium contra omnes, ์ฆ‰ ๋งŒ์ธ์˜ ๋งŒ์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํˆฌ์Ÿ ์ƒํƒœ(war of all against all)๋ผ๊ณ  ์ „์ œํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ์ธ์˜ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์— ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ์ฅ๋Š” ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์™•์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์™•๊ถŒ์‹ ์ˆ˜์„ค์„ ๋ถ€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก (็คพๆœƒๅฅ‘็ด„่ซ–, Theory of Social Contract)์€ ์ดํ›„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ์™•๊ตญ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ์กด ๋กœํฌ(John Locke)(1632~1704)์™€ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ์žฅ์žํฌ ๋ฃจ์†Œ(Jean-Jacques Rousseau)(1712~1778)๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด์กŒ๊ณ , ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ์ •์น˜ ์ฒ ํ•™๊ณผ ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ์ƒ์—๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์„ธ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ โ€˜3๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์ž(็คพๆœƒๅฅ‘็ด„่ซ–่€…)โ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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โ€œThe condition of man... is a condition of war of everyone against everyone.โ€ "์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด... ์€ ๋งŒ์ธ์ด ๋งŒ์ธ๊ณผ ํˆฌ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

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-๋ชฉ์ฐจ(Index)-

ํ”„๋กค๋กœ๊ทธ(Prologue). ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ ์„ ์ฝ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” 7๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ 

7๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ์ฝ๋Š” ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค(Thomas Hobbes) by ์กฐ๋ช…ํ™” ํŽธ์ง‘์žฅ

01. ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž์ด์ž, ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์ž(1588~1679)

02. ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan)(1651)

03. ํ˜ธ๋น„์ฆ˜(Hobbism)๊ณผ ํ˜ธ๋น„์ŠคํŠธ(Hobbist)

04. 3๋Œ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์ž(็คพๆœƒๅฅ‘็ด„่ซ–่€…) : ํ™‰์Šค, ๋กœํฌ, ๋ฃจ์†Œ

05. ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค(Thomas Hobbes)๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ TOP4

06. ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ(Audio Books)์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค(Thomas Hobbes)

07. ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค(Thomas Hobbes) ์–ด๋ก(Quotes)(25)

ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜(Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes)(1651)

To My Most Honor'd Friend Mr. Francis Godolphin of Godolphin

The Introduction

Part 1. Of Man

I. Of Sense

II. Of Imagination

III. Of the Consequence or Train of Imaginations

IV. Of Speech

V. Of Reason and Science

VI. Of the Interior Beginnings of Voluntary Motions, Commonly Called the Passions; and the Speeches by Which They Are Expressed

VII. Of the Ends, or Resolutions of Discourse

VIII. Of the Virtues Commonly Called Intellectual, and Their Contrary Defects

IX. Of the Several Subjects of Knowledge

X. Of Power, Worth, Dignity, Honour, and Worthiness

XI. Of the Difference of Manners

XII. Of Religion

XIII. Of the Natural Condition of Mankind as Concerning Their Felicity and Misery

XIV. Of the First and Second Natural Laws, and of Contracts

XV. Of Other Laws of Nature

XVI. Of Persons, Authors, and Things Personated

Part II. Of Commonwealth

XVII. Of the Causes, Generation, and Definition of a Commonwealth

XVIII. Of the Rights of Soveraignes by Institution

XIX. Of the severall Kinds of Common-wealth by Institution, and of Succession to the Soveraigne Power

XX. Of Dominion Paternall, and Despoticall

XXI. Of the Liberty of Subjects

XXII. Of Systems Subject, Politicall, and Private

XXIII. Of the Publique Ministers of Soveraign Power

XXIV. Of the Nutrition, and Procreation of a Common-Wealth

XXV. Of Counsell

XXVI. Of Civill Lawes

XXVII. Of Crimes, Excuses, and Extenuations

XXVIII. Of Punishments, and Rewards

XXIX. Of those things that Weaken, or tend to the Dissolution of a Common-Wealth

XXX. Of the Office of the Sovereign Representative

XXXI. Of the Kingdom of God by Nature

Part III. Of a Christian Common-Wealth

XXXII. Of the Principles of Christian Politiques

XXXIII. Of the Number, Antiquity, Scope, Authority, and Interpreters of the Books of Holy Scripture

XXXIV. Of the Signification of Sprit, Angel, and Inspiration in the Books of Holy Scripture

XXXV. Of the Signification in Scripture of Kingdome of God, of Holy, Sacred, and Sacrament

XXXVI. Of the Word of God, and of Prophets

XXXVII. Of Miracles and their Use

XXXVIII. Of the Signification in Scripture of Eternal Life, Hell, Salvation, the World to Come, and Redemption

XXXIX. Of the Signification in Scripture of the Word Church

XL. Of the Rights of the Kingdom of God, in Abraham, Moses, the High - Priests, and the Kings Of Judah

XLI. Of The Office Of Our Blessed Saviour

XLII. Of Power Ecclesiasticall

XLIII. Of what is Necessary for a Man's Reception into the Kingdom of Heaven

Part IV. Of the Kingdom of Darkness

XLIV. Of Spiritual Darkness from Misinterpretation of Scripture

XLV. Of Daemonology, and other Reliques of the Religion of the Gentiles

XLVI. Of Darknesse from Vain Philosophy, and Fabulous Traditions

XLVII. Of the Benefit that proceedeth from such Darknesse, and to whom it Accreweth

A Review, and Conclusion

๋ถ€๋ก(Appendix). ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณ ์ „์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ํžˆ์น˜ํ•˜์ด์ปค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์•ˆ๋‚ด์„œ(The Hitchhiker's Guide to Worldsโ€™s Classics)

A01. ํ•˜๋ฒ„๋“œ ์„œ์ (Harvard Book Store) ์ง์› ์ถ”์ฒœ ๋„์„œ 100์„ (Staff's Favorite 100 Books) & ํŒ๋งค๋„์„œ 100์œ„(Top 100 Books)

A02. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€ ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100

A03. ์—ฐ์„ธํ•„๋…๋„์„œ ๊ณ ์ „ 200์„ 

A04. ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์„ธ์ข…์บ ํผ์Šค ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100์„ 

A05. ์„œ์šธ๋Œ€, ์—ฐ์„ธ๋Œ€, ๊ณ ๋ ค๋Œ€ ๊ณตํ†ต ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 60๊ถŒ

A06. ์„ฑ๊ท ๊ด€๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์˜ค๊ฑฐ์„œ(ไบ”่ปŠๆ›ธ) ์„ฑ๊ท  ๊ณ ์ „ 100์„ 

A07. ๊ฒฝํฌ๋Œ€ ํ›„๋งˆ๋‹ˆํƒ€์Šค ์นผ๋ฆฌ์ง€(Humanitas College) ๊ต์–‘ํ•„๋…์„œ 100์„ 

A08. ํฌ์Šคํ…(ํฌํ•ญ๊ณต๋Œ€) ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋„์„œ 100์„ 

A09. ์นด์ด์ŠคํŠธ(KAIST) ๋…์„œ๋งˆ์ผ๋ฆฌ์ง€์ œ ์ถ”์ฒœ๋„์„œ 100๊ถŒ

A10. ๋ฌธํ•™์ƒ ์ˆ˜์ƒ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์ถ”์ฒœ๋„์„œ(44)

A11. ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ์„ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๋Š” 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•(How to listen to FREE audio Books legally?)

A12. ์˜ํ™”ยท๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(Movies And TV Shows Based on English Classic Books)

์กฐ๋ช…ํ™” ํŽธ์ง‘์žฅ์˜ ๊ตญ๋‚ด์ผ์ฃผ(Korea Round Travel) & ์„ธ๊ณ„์ผ์ฃผ(World Round Travel)(049)

ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ 

ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ๋„์„œ๋ชฉ๋ก(954)

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ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ 

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ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์ด ํ•„์š” ์—†์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ณ ์ „ ๋ช…์ž‘ ์ค‘์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ฐจ๋ก€ ์˜ํ™”์™€ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆ๋กœ ์ œ์ž‘๋œ ๋ฐ” ์žˆ๋Š” - ๋Œ€์ค‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฒธ๋น„ํ•œ ๋ฒ ์ŠคํŠธ์…€๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์—„์„ ํ•ด ์„ ์ •ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics)๊ณผ ์˜์–ด๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ฆ๊ธฐ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋„๋ฉ”์ธ ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ(free public domain audioBooks) ํ”Œ๋žซํผ ๋ฆฌ๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ๋ณต์Šค(LibriVox) ์˜ค๋””์˜ค๋ถ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์„œยท์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ฒจ๋ถ€ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์กฐ๋ช…ํ™” ํŽธ์ง‘์žฅ์˜ โ€˜OO๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ๋กœ ์ฝ๋Š” ์ž‘๊ฐ€ & ์ž‘ํ’ˆโ€™ ํ•ด์„ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋…„์˜ ์„ธ์›”์—๋„ ๋ณ€์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ช…์ €์˜ ๊ฐ๋™์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ…Œ๋งˆ์—ฌํ–‰์‹ ๋ฌธ TTN Korea ์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „(English Classics) 101์„ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด์ œ๋„, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋„, ๋‚ด์ผ๋„ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๋ฌธํ•™์—ฌํ–‰์„! B

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์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „001 ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋””ํ‚จ์Šค์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ๋‹จํŽธ์ง‘

English Classics001 Christmas Books by Charles Dickens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „002 ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ์…ธ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”„๋ž‘์ผ„์Šˆํƒ€์ธ

English Classics002 Frankenstein by Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „003 ์ œ์ธ ์˜ค์Šคํ‹ด์˜ ์˜ค๋งŒ๊ณผ ํŽธ๊ฒฌ

English Classics003 Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „004 ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋‹ˆ์—˜ ํ˜ธ์†์˜ ์ฃผํ™๊ธ€์”จ

English Classics004 The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „005 ์ƒฌ๋กฏ ํผํ‚จ์Šค ๊ธธ๋จผ์˜ ๋…ธ๋ž€ ๋ฒฝ์ง€

English Classics005 The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „006 ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ์บ๋Ÿด์˜ ์ด์ƒํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค

English Classics006 Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „007 ์กฐ๋„ˆ์„  ์Šค์œ„ํ”„ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฒธ์†ํ•œ ์ œ์•ˆ

English Classics007 A Modest Proposal by Jonathan Swift

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „008 ํ—จ๋ฆญ ์ž…์„ผ์˜ ์ธํ˜•์˜ ์ง‘

English Classics008 A Doll's House by Henrik Ibsen

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „009 ํ”„๋ž€์ธ  ์นดํ”„์นด์˜ ๋ณ€์‹ 

English Classics009 Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „010 ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋””ํ‚จ์Šค์˜ ๋‘ ๋„์‹œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics010 A Tale of Two Cities by Charles Dickens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „011 ํ—ˆ๋จผ ๋ฉœ๋นŒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋น„๋”•โ… 

English Classics011 Moby Dickโ…  by Herman Melville

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „012 ํ—ˆ๋จผ ๋ฉœ๋นŒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋น„๋”•โ…ก

English Classics012 Moby Dickโ…ก by Herman Melville

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „013 ์˜ค์Šค์นด ์™€์ผ๋“œ์˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•จ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ

English Classics013 The Importance of Being Earnest by Oscar Wilde

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „014 ์•„์ธ ๋žœ๋“œ์˜ ์„ฑ๊ฐ€

English Classics014 Anthem by Ayn Rand

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „015 ์•„์„œ ์ฝ”๋‚œ ๋„์ผ์˜ ์…œ๋ก ํ™ˆ์ฆˆ์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics015 The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „016 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ—ˆํด๋ฒ ๋ฆฌ ํ•€์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics016 Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „017 ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธ์Šจ์˜ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•˜์ด๋“œ

English Classics017 The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „018 ์ผ€์ดํŠธ ์‡ผํŒฝ์˜ ๊ฐ์„ฑ

English Classics018 The Awakening, and Selected Short Stories by Kate Chopin

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „019 ์กด ๋ ˆ์Šฌ๋ฆฌ ํ™€์˜ ๋ฒ ์˜ค์šธํ”„

English Classics019 Beowulf : An Anglo-Saxon Epic Poem by John Lesslie Hall

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „020 ํ—จ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ์†Œ๋กœ์˜ ์›”๋“  & ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋ถˆ๋ณต์ข…

English Classics020 Walden, and On The Duty Of Civil Disobedience by Henry David Thoreau

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „021 ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋”๋ฆญ ๋”๊ธ€๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ์‚ถ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ

English Classics021 Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „022 ์˜ค์Šค์นด ์™€์ผ๋“œ์˜ ๋„๋ฆฌ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ด์˜ ์ดˆ์ƒ

English Classics022 The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „023 ๋ธŒ๋žจ ์Šคํ† ์ปค์˜ ๋“œ๋ผํ˜๋ผ

English Classics023 Dracula by Bram Stoker

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „024 ์ƒฌ๋กฏ ๋ธŒ๋ก ํ…Œ์˜ ์ œ์ธ ์—์–ด

English Classics024 Jane Eyre : An Autobiography by Charlotte Brontรซ

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „025 ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋กœ ๋งˆํ‚ค์•„๋ฒจ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ตฐ์ฃผ๋ก 

English Classics025 The Prince by Niccolรฒ Machiavelli

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „026 ๋งˆํฌ ํŠธ์›จ์ธ์˜ ํ†ฐ ์†Œ์—ฌ์˜ ๋ชจํ—˜

English Classics026 The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „027 ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋””ํ‚จ์Šค์˜ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์‚ฐ

English Classics027 Great Expectations by Charles Dickens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „028 ์กฐ์ง€ํ”„ ์ฝ˜๋ž˜๋“œ์˜ ์•”ํ‘์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ

English Classics028 Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „029 ๊ทธ๋ฆผ ํ˜•์ œ ๋™ํ™”์ง‘

English Classics029 Grimms' Fairy Tales by Jacob Grimm and Wilhelm Grimm

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „030 ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋งคํŠœ ๋ฐฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”ผํ„ฐํŒฌ

English Classics030 Peter Pan by J. M. Barrie

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „031 ์•„์„œ ์ฝ”๋‚œ ๋„์ผ์˜ ๋ฐ”์Šค์ปค๋นŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊ฐœ

English Classics031 The Hound of the Baskervilles by Arthur Conan Doyle

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „032 ์žญ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ์•ผ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ฆ„

English Classics032 The Call of the Wild by Jack London

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „033 ๋ฃจ์ด์ž ๋ฉ”์ด ์•Œ์ฝ”ํŠธ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์•„์”จ๋“ค

English Classics033 Little Women by Louisa May Alcott

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „034 ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ๋“€๋ณด์ด์Šค์˜ ํ‘์ธ์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ

English Classics034 The Souls of Black Folk by W. E. B. Du Bois

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „035 ๋ ˆํ”„ ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์ „์Ÿ๊ณผ ํ‰ํ™”

English Classics035 War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „036 ๋กœ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ๋ฃจ์ด์Šค ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ธ์Šจ์˜ ๋ณด๋ฌผ์„ฌ

English Classics036 Treasure Island by Robert Louis Stevenson

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „037 ํด๋ ˆ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ํด๋ผํฌ ๋ฌด์–ด์˜ ์„ฑ ๋‹ˆ์ฝœ๋ผ์Šค์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ

English Classics037 Twas the Night before Christmas : A Visit from St. Nicholas by Clement Clarke Moore

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „038 ์˜ค ํ—จ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ์Šค ์„ ๋ฌผ

English Classics038 The Gift of the Magi by O. Henry

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „039 ๋ผ์ด๋จผ ํ”„๋žญํฌ ๋ฐ”์›€์˜ ์˜ค์ฆˆ์˜ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ

English Classics039 The Wonderful Wizard of Oz by L. Frank Baum

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „040 ์ œ์ž„์Šค ์กฐ์ด์Šค์˜ ๋”๋ธ”๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค

English Classics040 Dubliners by James Joyce

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „041 ํ˜ธ๋ฉ”๋กœ์Šค์˜ ์ผ๋ฆฌ์•„์Šค

English Classics041 The Iliad by Homer

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „042 ์ œ์ธ ์˜ค์Šคํ‹ด์˜ ์— ๋งˆ

English Classics042 Emma by Jane Austen

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „043 ์กฐ์ง€ ๋ฒ„๋‚˜๋“œ ์‡ผ์˜ ํ”ผ๊ทธ๋ง๋ฆฌ์˜จ

English Classics043 Pygmalion by Bernard Shaw

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „044 ์ œ์ž„์Šค ์กฐ์ด์Šค์˜ ์œจ๋ฆฌ์‹œ์Šค

English Classics044 Ulysses by James Joyce

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „045 ์นผ๋ฆด ์ง€๋ธŒ๋ž€์˜ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž

English Classics045 The Prophet by Kahlil Gibran

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „046 ํ”Œ๋ผํ†ค์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ก 

English Classics046 The Republic by Plato

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „047 ์•Œ๋ ‰์ƒ๋“œ๋ฅด ๋’ค๋งˆ์˜ ๋ชฝํ…Œ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ†  ๋ฐฑ์ž‘โ… 

English Classics047 The Count of Monte Cristoโ…  by Alexandre Dumas

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „048 ์•Œ๋ ‰์ƒ๋“œ๋ฅด ๋’ค๋งˆ์˜ ๋ชฝํ…Œ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ†  ๋ฐฑ์ž‘โ…ก

English Classics048 The Count of Monte Cristoโ…ก by Alexandre Dumas

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „049 ํ•ด๋ฆฌ์—‡ ๋น„์ฒ˜ ์Šคํ† ์˜ ํ†ฐ ์•„์ €์”จ์˜ ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์ง‘

English Classics049 Uncle Tom's Cabin by Harriet Beecher Stowe

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „050 ์—๋ฐ€๋ฆฌ ๋ธŒ๋ก ํ…Œ์˜ ํญํ’์˜ ์–ธ๋•

English Classics050 Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontรซ

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „051 ์˜ค์Šค์นด ์™€์ผ๋“œ์˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์™•์ž

English Classics051 The Happy Prince, and Other Tales by Oscar Wilde

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „052 ํ—ค๋ฅด๋งŒ ํ—ค์„ธ์˜ ์‹ฏ๋‹ค๋ฅดํƒ€

English Classics052 Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „053 ํ‘œ๋„๋ฅด ๋„์Šคํ† ์˜™์Šคํ‚ค์˜ ์ฃ„์™€ ๋ฒŒ

English Classics053 Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoyevsky

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „054 ์ด๋””์Šค ์›ŒํŠผ์˜ ์ด์„  ํ”„๋กฌ

English Classics054 Ethan Frome by Edith Wharton

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „055 ๋ฃจ์‹œ ๋ชจ๋“œ ๋ชฝ๊ณ ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์•ค

English Classics055 Anne of Green Gables by L. M. Montgomery

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „056 ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด์–ด๋˜

English Classics056 Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „057 ํ‘œ๋„๋ฅด ๋„์Šคํ† ์˜™์Šคํ‚ค์˜ ์นด๋ผ๋งˆ์กฐํ”„๊ฐ€์˜ ํ˜•์ œ๋“ค

English Classics057 The Brothers Karamazov by Fyodor Dostoyevsky

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „058 ํ—ˆ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์กฐ์ง€ ์›ฐ์Šค์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ์ „์Ÿ

English Classics058 The War of the Worlds by H. G. Wells

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „059 ํ—จ๋ฆฌ ์ œ์ž„์Šค์˜ ๋‚˜์‚ฌ์˜ ํšŒ์ „

English Classics059 The Turn of the Screw by Henry James

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „060 ๋ฏธ๊ตฌ์—˜ ๋“œ ์„ธ๋ฅด๋ฐ˜ํ…Œ์Šค์˜ ๋ˆํ‚คํ˜ธํ…Œ

English Classics060 Don Quixote by Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „061 ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”โ… 

English Classics061 Les Misรฉrablesโ…  by Victor Hugo

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „062 ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”โ…ก

English Classics062 Les Misรฉrablesโ…ก by Victor Hugo

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „063 ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”โ…ข

English Classics063 Les Misรฉrablesโ…ข by Victor Hugo

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „064 ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”โ…ฃ

English Classics064 Les Misรฉrablesโ…ฃ by Victor Hugo

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „065 ๋น…ํ† ๋ฅด ์œ„๊ณ ์˜ ๋ ˆ ๋ฏธ์ œ๋ผ๋ธ”โ…ค

English Classics065 Les Misรฉrablesโ…ค by Victor Hugo

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „066 ์—๋“œ๊ฑฐ ์•จ๋Ÿฐ ํฌ์˜ ์ ์‚ฌ๋ณ‘์˜ ๊ฐ€๋ฉด๊ทน

English Classics066 The Masque of the Red Death by Edgar Allan Poe

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „067 ํ˜ธ๋ฉ”๋กœ์Šค์˜ ์˜ค๋””์„ธ์ด์•„

English Classics067 The Odyssey by Homer

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „068 ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด ์–ด๋น™์˜ ์Šฌ๋ฆฌํ”ผ ํ• ๋กœ์šฐ์˜ ์ „์„ค

English Classics068 The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „069 ์•„์„œ ์ฝ”๋‚œ ๋„์ผ์˜ ์ฃผํ™์ƒ‰ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ

English Classics069 A Study in Scarlet by Arthur Conan Doyle

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „070 ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋””ํ‚จ์Šค์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ ํŠธ์œ„์ŠคํŠธ

English Classics070 Oliver Twist by Charles Dickens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „071 ๋ชฝํ…Œ๋‰ด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ƒ๋กโ… 

English Classics071 Essays of Michel de Montaigneโ… 

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „072 ๋ชฝํ…Œ๋‰ด์˜ ์ˆ˜์ƒ๋กโ…ก

English Classics072 Essays of Michel de Montaigneโ…ก

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „073 ๋ณผํ…Œ๋ฅด์˜ ์บ‰๋””๋“œ

English Classics073 Candide by Voltaire

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „074 ๋‹จํ…Œ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ์—๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ ๊ณก

English Classics074 Divine Comedy, Longfellow's Translation, Hell by Dante Alighieri

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „075 ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๋‹ˆ์ฒด์˜ ์„ ์•…์˜ ์ €ํŽธ

English Classics075 Beyond Good and Evil by Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „076 ์ฐฐ์Šค ๋””ํ‚จ์Šค์˜ ๋ฐ์ด๋น„๋“œ ์ฝ”ํผํ•„๋“œ

English Classics076 David Copperfield by Charles Dickens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „077 ํ—ˆ๋ฒ„ํŠธ ์กฐ์ง€ ์›ฐ์Šค์˜ ํƒ€์ž„๋จธ์‹ 

English Classics077 The Time Machine by H. G. Wells

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „078 ์ œ์ธ ์˜ค์Šคํ‹ด์˜ ์„ผ์Šค ์•ค ์„ผ์„œ๋นŒ๋Ÿฌํ‹ฐ

English Classics078 Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „079 ๋Œ€๋‹ˆ์–ผ ๋””ํฌ์˜ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘ ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ

English Classics079 A Journal of the Plague Year by Daniel Defoe

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „080 ํ”„๋žœ์‹œ์Šค ํ˜ธ์ง€์Šจ ๋ฒ„๋„ท์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์˜ ํ™”์›

English Classics080 The Secret Garden by Frances Hodgson Burnett

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „081 ์ œ๋กฌ K. ์ œ๋กฌ์˜ ๋ณดํŠธ ์œ„์˜ ์„ธ ๋‚จ์ž

English Classics081 Three Men in a Boat : To Say Nothing of the Dog by Jerome K. Jerome

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „082 ๋ฐ”์ธ ์•ผ์•ผ๋‚˜์˜ ์นด๋งˆ์ˆ˜ํŠธ๋ผ

English Classics082 The Kama Sutra of Vatsyayana

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „083 ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌํžˆ ๋‹ˆ์ฒด์˜ ์งœ๋ผํˆฌ์Šคํˆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค

English Classics083 Thus Spake Zarathustra by Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „084 ๋Ÿฌ๋””์–ด๋“œ ํ‚คํ”Œ๋ง์˜ ์ •๊ธ€๋ถ

English Classics084 The Jungle Book by Rudyard Kipling

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „085 ์„ฑ ์•„์šฐ๊ตฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋ˆ„์Šค์˜ ๊ณ ๋ฐฑ๋ก

English Classics085 The Confessions of St. Augustine by Bishop of Hippo Saint Augustine

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „086 ๋ ˆํ”„ ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์•ˆ๋‚˜ ์นด๋ ˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜โ… 

English Classics086 Anna Kareninaโ…  by Leo Tolstoy

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „087 ๋ ˆํ”„ ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์•ˆ๋‚˜ ์นด๋ ˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜โ…ก

English Classics087 Anna Kareninaโ…ก by Leo Tolstoy

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „088 ๋ ˆํ”„ ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์•ˆ๋‚˜ ์นด๋ ˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜โ…ข

English Classics088 Anna Kareninaโ…ข by Leo Tolstoy

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „089 ๋ ˆํ”„ ํ†จ์Šคํ† ์ด์˜ ์•ˆ๋‚˜ ์นด๋ ˆ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜โ…ฃ

English Classics089 Anna Kareninaโ…ฃ by Leo Tolstoy

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „090 ์กด ๋กœํฌ์˜ ํ†ต์น˜๋ก 

English Classics090 Second Treatise of Government by John Locke

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „091 ์•„๊ฐ€์‚ฌ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹ฐ์˜ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ฆˆ ์ €ํƒ์˜ ๊ดด์‚ฌ๊ฑด

English Classics091 The Mysterious Affair at Styles by Agatha Christie

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „092 ์กฐ๋„ˆ์„  ์Šค์œ„ํ”„ํŠธ์˜ ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ธฐ

English Classics092 Gulliver's Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World by Jonathan Swift

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „093 ๋ฒค์ž๋ฏผ ํ”„๋žญํด๋ฆฐ ์ž์„œ์ „

English Classics093 Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „094 ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํผ ๋ง๋กœ์˜ ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ์Šค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์˜ ๋น„๊ทน

English Classics094 The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus by Christopher Marlowe

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „095 ์œŒ๋ฆฌ์—„ ์…ฐ์ต์Šคํ”ผ์–ด ์ „์ง‘

English Classics095 The Complete Works of William Shakespeare

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „096 ์นผ ๋งˆ๋ฅดํฌ์Šค์™€ ์—ฅ๊ฒ”์Šค์˜ ๊ณต์‚ฐ๋‹น ์„ ์–ธ

English Classics096 The Communist Manifesto by Friedrich Engels and Karl Marx

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „097 ์กด ์ŠคํŠœ์–ดํŠธ ๋ฐ€์˜ ์ž์œ ๋ก 

English Classics097 On Liberty by John Stuart Mill

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „098 ์•ฐ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ฆˆ ๋น„์–ด์Šค์˜ ์•…๋งˆ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ „

English Classics098 The Devil's Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „099 E. M. ๋ฒ ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋กœ๋งˆ ์‹ ํ™”์™€ ์ „์„คโ… 

English Classics099 Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Romeโ…  by E. M. Berens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „100 E. M. ๋ฒ ๋Ÿฐ์Šค์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ๋กœ๋งˆ ์‹ ํ™”์™€ ์ „์„คโ…ก

English Classics100 Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Romeโ…ก by E. M. Berens

์˜์–ด๊ณ ์ „101 ๋ฒ„ํŠธ๋Ÿฐ๋“œ ๋Ÿฌ์…€์˜ ์ฒ ํ•™์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค

English Classics101 The Problems of Philosophy by Bertrand Russell

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เดฐเดšเดฏเดฟเดคเดพเดตเดฟเดจเต† เด•เตเดฑเดฟเดšเตเดšเต

ํ† ๋จธ์Šค ํ™‰์Šค(Thomas Hobbes) โ€œHomo homini lupus.โ€ โ€œ์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋‹ค.โ€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ทผ๋Œ€ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž์ด์ž, ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ณ„์•ฝ๋ก ์ž(158...

เดˆ เด‡-เดฌเตเด•เตเด•เต เดฑเต‡เดฑเตเดฑเต เดšเต†เดฏเตเดฏเตเด•

เดจเดฟเด™เตเด™เดณเตเดŸเต† เด…เดญเดฟเดชเตเดฐเดพเดฏเด‚ เดžเด™เตเด™เดณเต† เด…เดฑเดฟเดฏเดฟเด•เตเด•เตเด•.

เดตเดพเดฏเดจเดพ เดตเดฟเดตเดฐเด™เตเด™เตพ

เดธเตโ€ŒเดฎเดพเตผเดŸเตเดŸเตเดซเต‹เดฃเตเด•เดณเตเด‚ เดŸเดพเดฌเตโ€Œเดฒเต†เดฑเตเดฑเตเด•เดณเตเด‚
Android, iPad/iPhone เดŽเดจเตเดจเดฟเดตเดฏเตเด•เตเด•เดพเดฏเดฟ Google Play เดฌเตเด•เตโ€Œเดธเต เด†เดชเตเดชเต เด‡เตปเดธเตโ€Œเดฑเตเดฑเดพเตพ เดšเต†เดฏเตเดฏเตเด•. เด‡เดคเต เดจเดฟเด™เตเด™เดณเตเดŸเต† เด…เด•เตเด•เต—เดฃเตเดŸเตเดฎเดพเดฏเดฟ เดธเตเดตเดฏเดฎเต‡เดต เดธเดฎเดจเตเดตเดฏเดฟเดชเตเดชเดฟเด•เตเด•เดชเตเดชเต†เดŸเตเด•เดฏเตเด‚, เดŽเดตเดฟเดŸเต† เด†เดฏเดฟเดฐเตเดจเตเดจเดพเดฒเตเด‚ เด“เตบเดฒเตˆเดจเดฟเตฝ เด…เดฒเตเดฒเต†เด™เตเด•เดฟเตฝ เด“เดซเตโ€Œเดฒเตˆเดจเดฟเตฝ เดตเดพเดฏเดฟเด•เตเด•เดพเตป เดจเดฟเด™เตเด™เดณเต† เด…เดจเตเดตเดฆเดฟเด•เตเด•เตเด•เดฏเตเด‚ เดšเต†เดฏเตเดฏเตเดจเตเดจเต.
เดฒเดพเดชเตเดŸเต‹เดชเตเดชเตเด•เดณเตเด‚ เด•เดฎเตเดชเตเดฏเต‚เดŸเตเดŸเดฑเตเด•เดณเตเด‚
Google Play-เดฏเดฟเตฝ เดจเดฟเดจเตเดจเต เดตเดพเด™เตเด™เดฟเดฏเดฟเดŸเตเดŸเตเดณเตเดณ เด“เดกเดฟเดฏเต‹ เดฌเตเด•เตเด•เตเด•เตพ เด•เดฎเตเดชเตเดฏเต‚เดŸเตเดŸเดฑเดฟเดจเตโ€เดฑเต† เดตเต†เดฌเต เดฌเตเดฐเต—เดธเตผ เด‰เดชเดฏเต‹เด—เดฟเดšเตเดšเตเด•เตŠเดฃเตเดŸเต เดตเดพเดฏเดฟเด•เตเด•เดพเดตเตเดจเตเดจเดคเดพเดฃเต.
เด‡-เดฑเต€เดกเดฑเตเด•เดณเตเด‚ เดฎเดฑเตเดฑเต เด‰เดชเด•เดฐเดฃเด™เตเด™เดณเตเด‚
Kobo เด‡-เดฑเต€เดกเดฑเตเด•เตพ เดชเต‹เดฒเตเดณเตเดณ เด‡-เด‡เด™เตเด•เต เด‰เดชเด•เดฐเดฃเด™เตเด™เดณเดฟเตฝ เดตเดพเดฏเดฟเด•เตเด•เดพเตป เด’เดฐเต เดซเดฏเตฝ เดกเต—เตบเดฒเต‹เดกเต เดšเต†เดฏเตเดคเต เด…เดคเต เดจเดฟเด™เตเด™เดณเตเดŸเต† เด‰เดชเด•เดฐเดฃเดคเตเดคเดฟเดฒเต‡เด•เตเด•เต เด•เตˆเดฎเดพเดฑเต‡เดฃเตเดŸเดคเตเดฃเตเดŸเต. เดชเดฟเดจเตเดคเตเดฃเดฏเตเดณเตเดณ เด‡-เดฑเต€เดกเดฑเตเด•เดณเดฟเดฒเต‡เด•เตเด•เต เดซเดฏเดฒเตเด•เตพ เด•เตˆเดฎเดพเดฑเดพเตป, เดธเดนเดพเดฏ เด•เต‡เดจเตเดฆเตเดฐเดคเตเดคเดฟเดฒเตเดณเตเดณ เดตเดฟเดถเดฆเดฎเดพเดฏ เดจเดฟเตผเดฆเตเดฆเต‡เดถเด™เตเด™เตพ เดซเต‹เดณเต‹ เดšเต†เดฏเตเดฏเตเด•.

เดธเต€เดฐเต€เดธเต เดคเตเดŸเดฐเตเด•

เดธเดฎเดพเดจเดฎเดพเดฏ เด‡-เดฌเตเด•เตเด•เตเด•เตพ