Under the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA), districts and schools must demonstrate adequate yearly progress for all students. Because schools may spend more time improving students' academic skills to meet NCLBA's requirements, some are concerned that arts educ. (AE) might be cut back. This report asked: (1) has the amount of instruction time for AE changed and, if so, have certain groups been more affected than others; (2) to what extent have state education agencies' requirements and funding for AE changed since NCLBA; (3) what are school officials in selected districts doing to provide AE since NCLBA and what challenges do they face in doing so; and (4) what is known about the effect of AE in improving student outcomes? Ill.