There are very few among the Rulers of India whose history is so rich in both contents and materials as the history of Harsha. His early life and career form the subject matter of the Harsa-Charita of Banabhatta, who wrote on Harsha as his court poet from his personal and intimate knowledge of his life and rule, and has given to Sanskrit literature one of its very few biographical works. The India of Harsha is also described by another eye-witness, the famous Chinese pilgrim, Yuan Chwang, whose account reads like a Gazetteer in the scope of its inquiry and its wealth of details. To add to these two unique sources, we have several inscriptions of Harsha himself, a few of his great contemporary, Pulakeshin II of the Deccan, and the larger body of inscriptions of the Gupta and later kings of northern India, which together throw considerable light on the history of Harsa, especially on the interesting but imperfectly explored topic of the administrative system developed in that glorious age for the successful governance of extensive empires. The book embodies a course of readership lectures delivered by the late author at Calcutta University.