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Dorothy thought of her speeches as sermons on the evils of Nazism and the inevitability of German defeat. They were addressed, in German, to a fictional Prussian Junker identified only as “Hans.” Hans was really Helmuth von Moltke, a Christian and a pacifist, and the leader of the so-called Kreisau Circle, “the foremost think tank” of the German resistance. In 1944, he would lose his life in the mass executions that followed the plot to assassinate Hitler.
These weekly speeches, broadcast from March 27 until September 4, 1942, combined argument, history, analysis, polemic, and what her publishers called “a few Dorothyish shrieks.” In his own radio broadcasts Goebbels denounced Dorothy Thompson as “the scum of America.”
Dorothy Thompson’s friend Ernestine Evans had the idea of publishing the broadcasts “as a dollar-book.” In August 1942, Dorothy composed a 150-page essay to introduce the speeches. She called it “The Invasion of the German Mind” and poured into it her twenty years of knowledge of the German nation.
“A brilliant textbook of timely propaganda.” — New York Times, November 29, 1942
“The Dorothy Thompson whom I have always particularly admired and enjoyed — the Dorothy Thompson who does not confuse writing with oratory... Writing carefully and exactly, she seeks to isolate the quarreling elements that go to make up the mind of the average German individual.” — John Chamberlain, New York Times, November 28, 1942
“[The Listen, Hans introduction is] one of the best, if not the very best analysis ever written about the German people — written by a non-German.” — Carl Zuckmayer
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Dorothy Thompson (1893-1961), journalist and broadcaster, was born in Lancaster, New York, the daughter of a Methodist preacher. She was educated at Syracuse University (class of 1914) and found her first work as a publicist and organizer for woman suffrage. In 1920 she sailed to Europe, and for the next thirty years worked as a free-lance correspondent, becoming America’s expert on Central Europe. In 1927 she married the novelist Sinclair Lewis. The union was marred by Lewis’s alcoholism, the pressures of Thompson’s success, and by her sexual ambiguity, which led her, in the early ‘30s, to a love affair with the German writer Christa Winsloe, author of Mädchen in Uniform.
In 1934 she became the first correspondent to be expelled from Berlin on the orders of Adolf Hitler: she was the loudest and strongest voice in American journalism against the menace of the Nazis. Her thrice-weekly column, “On the Record,” was syndicated to hundreds of newspapers; she wrote a monthly essay for the Ladies’ Home Journaland broadcast weekly, sometimes daily, on news topics over the NBC radio network.Time magazine in 1939 called her the most influential woman in America after Eleanor Roosevelt.
Her career declined after World War II, when she argued for a “humane” peace with the defeated Germans and, later, took up the cause of the Palestinian Arabs in opposition to the State of Israel. Divorced from Lewis in 1942, she enjoyed a happy (and lusty) final marriage with the Czech painter Maxim Kopf (1892-1958). She died in Portugal in 1961 and left instructions for her epitaph: “Dorothy Thompson Kopf — Writer.” She was unquestionably the preeminent woman journalist of her era — perhaps of all time in the United States. Peter Kurth wrote her biography, American Cassandra: The Life of Dorothy Thompson.
