Luciano IV

· Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra / Coimbra University Press
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Amadurecido pelas viagens e pela experiência da vida, materialmente afortunado, Luciano cedo se farta da actividade judiciária, da retórica e da sofística, para se entregar a uma actividade literária que, não sendo nova, ele, no entanto, reforma de maneira radical: trata-se do diálogo filosófico, mas agora entendido e elaborado segundo princípios originais. De facto, Luciano aligeira substancialmente o majestoso diálogo filosófico que vinha dos tempos de Platão e acrescenta- lhe um aspecto dramático, orientado no sentido da sátira - o que significa reunir no «novo género» dois géneros diferentes e até muito diversos: o diálogo filosófico e a comédia. Realmente, foram sobretudo as obras em forma de diálogo que deram fama a Luciano. É nelas que melhor se expande a sua crítica panfletária e corrosiva, que atinge, literalmente, tudo e todos: os deuses e os heróis, a religião e as religiões, a filosofia e as suas variadíssimas seitas, a moral convencional, a sociedade e os seus pilares mais destacados, os homens e as suas vaidades, as suas superstições irracionais e o aproveitamento que delas fazem os espertos... enfim, podemos dizer que em Luciano conflui o que de mais violento havia na comédia. Um certo epicurismo prático e um cinismo teórico afinam e refinam o processo. 


A life trajectory. Matured by his travels and life experiences, and materially well endowed, Lucian soon grows tired of judicial activities, rhetoric and sophistry, and retires to devote himself to literary activity which he radically reforms. The traditional philosophical dialogue is now understood differently and organized according to new principles. Lucian lightens the majestic tone of the Platonic-style dialogue and adds a dramatic satirical aspect, thereby blending two quite different genres (the philosophical dialogue and comedy) into an entirely new genre. It was these dialogues that brought fame to Lucian. In them he expanded his corrosive social criticism, sparing no one: gods and heroes, religion and religions, philosophy and its various sects, conventional morality, society and its most revered pillars, men and their vanity, irrational superstitions and the use that is made of them by the cunning… Lucian used what was most violent in comedy, refining the process with a certain practical epicurianism and theoretical cynicism.

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