Record of Daily Knowledge and Collected Poems and Essays: Selections
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Gu Yanwu wrote the essays and poems featured in this volume while traveling across China during the decades immediately after the fall of the Ming Dynasty. They merge personal observation with rich articulations of Confucian principles and are, as Gu said, "not old coin but copper dug from the hills." Like many of his contemporaries, Gu Yanwu believed the Ming Dynasty had suffered from an overconcentration of power in its central government and recommended decentralizing authority while strengthening provincial self-government. In his introduction, Ian Johnston recounts Gu Yanwu's personal history and reviews his published works, along with their scholarly reception. Annotations accompany his translations, and a special essay on feudalism by Tang Dynasty poet and scholar Liu Zongyuan (773–819) provides insight into Gu Yanwu's later work on the subject.
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Gu Yanwu (1613-1682), born in the late years of the Ming Dynasty, had an unusual education, supervised by his grandfather and his adoptive mother, Wang. The latter, a woman of high principles, starved herself to death rather than live under the rule of the Manchus. She implored her son never to serve the dynasty in an official capacity. Complying with her deathbed wish, Gu Yanwu led an itinerant and eventful life, devoting himself to study and writing on a wide range of subjects. His overall aim, once hope of a Ming restoration had faded, was the betterment of self and society. The foundations of his thought were a deep study of the original classics and devolution in administration. After his death, his writings, when finally published, had a profound and enduring influence.
Ian Johnston is an independent scholar and translator. He has published translations of early Chinese philosophical works and Chinese poetry, as well as translations of classical Greek medical texts.
