RuthæFinneganæOBE, FBA, Emeritus Professor Open University. Her work has mainly been on oral performance, narrative, the ethnography of music, and communicating (including extra-sensory perception). Her publications includeæOral Literature in Africa, The Hidden Musicians, Communicating: the Multiple Modes of Human Communication, Why Do We Quote?ææand, most recently, the novelsæBlack Inked Pearl, Voyage of Pearl of the Seas, andæThe Helix Pearl.æBorn in Ireland, she now lives in Old Bletchley, southern England.