KαΉ£emarΔja lived in Tenth Century Shrinagar. He was the brilliant student of the great Abhinavagupta who was a peerless master of tantra, yoga, philosophy, and poetics. In addition to PratyabhijΓ±Δhrdayam, KαΉ£emarΔja wrote Spandasandoha, Spandanirnaya, Svacchandodyota, Netrodyota, VijΓ±Δnabhairavodyota, ΕivasΕ«travimarΕinΔ«, Stavacintamanitika, Parapraveshika, and Tattvasandoha.