This volume covers the history of the Muslim community and the biography of Muс╕еammad in the middle Medinan years. It begins with the unsuccessful last Meccan attack on Medina, known as the battle of the Trench.
Events following this battle show the gradual collapse of Meccan resistance to Islam. The next year, when Muс╕еammad set out on pilgrimage to Mecca, the Meccans at first blocked the road, but eventually a ten-year truce was negotiated at al-с╕дudaybiyah, with Muс╕еammad agreeing to postpone his pilgrimage until the following year. The Treaty of al-с╕дudaybiyah was followed by a series of Muslim expeditions, climaxing in the important conquest of Khaybar. In the following year Muс╕еammad made the so-called Pilgrimage of Fulfillment unopposed.
Al-с╣мabar─л's account emphasizes Islam's expanding geographical horizon during this period. Soon after the Treaty of al-Hudaybiyah, Muс╕еammad is said to have sent letters to six foreign rulers inviting them to become Muslims. Another example of this expanding horizon was the unsuccessful expedition to Mu'tah in Jordan.
Shortly afterward the Treaty of al-с╕дudaybiyah broke down, and Muс╕еammad marched on Mecca. The Meccans capitulated, and Muс╕еammad entered the city on his own terms. He treated the city leniently, and most of the Meccan oligarchy swore allegiance to him as Muslims.
Two events in the personal life of Muс╕еammad during this period caused controversy in the community. Muс╕еammad fell in love with and married Zaynab bint. Jaс╕еsh, the divorced wife of his adopted son Zayd. Because of Muс╕еammad's scruples, the marriage took place only after a Qur'anic revelation permitting believers to marry the divorced wives of their adopted sons. In the Affair of the Lie, accusations against Muс╕еammad's young wife ╩┐─А╩╛ishah were exploited by various factions in the community and in Muс╕еammad's household. In the end, a Qur'anic revelation proclaimed ╩┐─А╩╛ishah's innocence and the culpability of the rumormongers.
This volume of al-с╣мabar─л's History records the collapse of Meccan resistance to Islam, the triumphant return of Muс╕еammad to his native city, the conversion to Islam of the Meccan oligarchy, and the community's successful weathering of a number of potentially embarrassing events in Muс╕еammad's private life.
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