Ernest Hemingway, born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, was a novelist, short story writer, and journalist with a formidable influence on 20th-century literature. Known for his economical and understated prose—a style he termed the 'Iceberg Theory'—his writing foregrounds surface elements while hinting at deeper themes beneath. Hemingway's adventurous life and public image played an essential role in shaping his literary persona. He served as an ambulance driver during World War I, which influenced much of his work including one of his most celebrated novels, 'A Farewell to Arms'. Hemingway was a part of the 1920s expatriate community in Paris and a member of the 'Lost Generation' as defined by Gertrude Stein. 'The Sun Also Rises' (1926), one of Hemingway's most famous works, reflects the disillusionment of this generation and remains a classic exploration of the postwar existential malaise. Hemingway's distinctive writing style characterized by minimalism and understatement, had a significant impact on the development of modern fiction. His body of work includes numerous classics such as 'For Whom the Bell Tolls', 'The Old Man and The Sea', which contributed to his Nobel Prize in Literature in 1954. Hemingway's contributions have remained a subject of scholarly study, and his unique approach continues to influence writers to this day. He passed away on July 2, 1961, in Ketchum, Idaho, leaving behind a legacy that continues to resonate within the literary world.