Victor Marie Hugo, born on February 26, 1802, in Besançon, France, stands as a monumental literary figure with an expansive oeuvre that transcends national and temporal boundaries. Renowned primarily for his contributions to the Romantic literary movement, Hugo's mastery is evident across poetry, plays, and novels. His profound influence on literature is showcased in captivating novels such as 'Les Misérables' and 'The Hunchback of Notre-Dame,' which profoundly capture human suffering, justice, and redemption. A man of strong political beliefs, Hugo's works often reflect his fervent advocacy for social causes and human rights. 'Napoleon the Little,' a pointed political treatise, exemplifies Hugo's eloquence and depth of political thought. Through this work, Hugo unleashes scathing criticism of the reign of Napoleon III, employing a poignant and incisive literary style that serves as a firm denouncement of dictatorship and a defense of democratic principles. Beyond his literary prominence, Hugo's political activism led to his exile from France, a period during which much of his most impactful work was conceived. Hugo's legacy endures not just through his literary masterpieces but also through his unwavering commitment to justice and freedom, elements which continue to resonate in global literary and political discourse. He died on May 22, 1885, leaving behind a body of work that continues to be revered for its artistic and humanitarian significance.