HENRY ALFRED KISSINGER (born May 27, 1923) is an American diplomat and political scientist. He served as National Security Advisor and later concurrently as United States Secretary of State in the administrations of presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. For his actions negotiating an unsuccessful ceasefire in Vietnam, Kissinger received the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize. After his term, his advice has been sought by world leaders including subsequent U.S. presidents. A proponent of Realpolitik, Kissinger played a prominent role in United States foreign policy between 1969 and 1977. During this period, he pioneered the policy of détente with the Soviet Union, orchestrated the opening of relations with the People’s Republic of China, and negotiated the Paris Peace Accords, ending American involvement in the Vietnam War. Kissinger’s Realpolitik resulted in controversial policies such as CIA involvement in Chile and U.S. support for Pakistan, despite its genocidal actions during the Bangladesh War. He is the founder and chairman of Kissinger Associates, an international consulting firm. He has been a prolific author of books on politics and international relations, including The Necessity for Choice: Prospects of American Foreign Policy (1961), The Troubled Partnership: A Re-Appraisal of the Atlantic Alliance (1965) and For the Record: Selected Statements 1977-1980 (1981). He has also published three memoirs. GORDON EVANS DEAN (1905-1958) was an American lawyer and prosecutor. He served as chairman of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) from 1950-53. He received his J.D. from the University of Southern California in 1930 and an LL.M. from Duke University Law School in 1932. He joined the U.S. Department of Justice in 1934 and was made press spokesperson for the Department of Justice in 1940. Prior to his work with the AEC, he was professor of criminal law at the University of Southern California (1946-49).