and the development of therapies that do help many, one area that is largely unexplored is that of the ‘human spirit’ and spirituality since it is more convenient to consider the human mind as ‘machine’ that responds to external stimuli.
MALIK BADRI is Distinguished Professor of Psychology, Ahfad University, Sudan currently on secondment to Istanbul Zaim University, Turkey. He is holder of the Ibn Khaldun Chair in the Kulliyyah of Islamic Revealed Knowledge and Human Sciences, the International Islamic University Malaysia. A qualified therapist, he has served as Professor, Head of Department, Dean of Faculty and Acting Vice-Chancellor at various international universities. He is former UNESCO Expert in Psychology, Institute of Pedagogy, Ethiopia (1973–74); and WHO expert in the Committee on Traditional Medical Practices (1980–84). Author of books and numerous articles, he has received many awards including in 2003 the Zubair Prize for Academic Excellence, the highest academic award in Sudan.