Availability, Transfer and Balances of Heavy Metals in Urban Agriculture of West Africa

Nafiu Abdu

Jan 2010 · kassel university press GmbH

About this ebook

Front cover -- Title -- Imprint -- Table of content -- Dedication -- Acknowledgments -- Summary -- Zusammenfassung -- 1 General introduction, research objectives and hypotheses -- 1.0. General introduction -- 1.1. Urban agriculture -- 1.2. Wastewater use in urban agriculture -- 1.3. Heavy metals in the environment -- 1.4. Heavy metal availability in the soil -- 1.5. Bioavailability and uptake of heavy metals by plants -- 1.6. Health and risk assessment from heavy metal pollution -- 1.7. Research objectives -- 1.8. Research hypotheses -- 1.9. References -- 2 Vertical distribution of heavy m etals in waste-waterirrigated vegetable garden soils of three West Africancities -- 2.0 Introduction -- 2.1. Materials and methods -- 2.1.1. Description of the study areas and management practices -- 2.1.2. Sampling strategy and analytical procedures -- 2.1.3. Input sources of HM into the soil -- 2.1.4. Output of HM -- 2.1.5. Chemical analyses -- 2.1.6. Resin extraction -- 2.1.7. Quantification of HM fluxes -- 2.1.8. Soil metal balance calculation -- 2.1.9. Statistical analysis -- 2.2. Results and discussion -- 2.2.1. Distribution of HM in the soil profiles -- 2.2.2. Seasonal variation of heavy metals in Kano -- 2.2.3. Input sources of Cd and Zn to soils -- 2.2.4. Export of metals -- 2.2.5. Input-output balances -- 2.3. Conclusions -- 2.4. References -- 3 Fractionation and mobility of cadmium and zinc in urban vegetable gardens of Kano, Northern Nigeria -- 3.0 Introduction -- 3.1. Materials and methods -- 3.1.1. Sequential extraction of metals -- 3.1.2. Data analysis -- 3.2. Results and discussion -- 3.2.1. Soil physicochemical properties and total metal content -- 3.2.2. Cadmium and zinc speciation -- 3.3. Mobility of Zn and Cd in soils -- 3.4. Conclusions -- 3.5. References.