In response to concerns about the readiness of early deploying U.S. forces to operate in a chemically or biologically contaminated environment, the author selected three Army divisions, two Air Force fighter wings, and one Marine Corps expeditionary force, and determined if they had: (1) their required personnel protection, detection, and decontamination equipment and medical supplies; and (2) incorporated chemical and biological defense training into readiness exercises and had their authorized personnel provide this training. Overall, the units reviewed were better equipped for chemical or biological warfare in 2000 than the units reviewed for a 1996 report. Illustrations.