KATAL

RANJEET DESAI

feb 2012 · MEHTA PUBLISHING HOUSE

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The Agriculture Tenancy Act 1948 a law was passed in favour of the peasants. It brought a devastating change in the society. For hundred years, the society had developed a particular system, based on it everything was running smoothly. But this law shattered every thing in everbody`s life. The effect on the slow and sleeping minds was devastating. It resembled the barren land which was ploughed for the first time. Everything was centred around the land and everything changed. The Inamdars, the Watandars, Peasants, Poojari, Bara Balutedars, Desais, Deshmukhs, Deshpandes, Kulkarni, Khots all were shaken in good terms as well as bad terms. Laboures who were living in big cities had saved amount over years, had bought land in villages, had given it to the peasants for cultivation, they also lost it to the peasants because of the Act. These were the days when everything around was changing fast. The democracy changed India in many ways. The reformation was taking place all over, in all classes and masses, and at all levels. The most shattered was the Joint family systems in the villages. The Tenancy Act gave rise to division that of house, that of land and that of human beings. There were disputes between all possible relations. Nobody was spared. Fatherson, brotherbrother, families lost their love against the lust. The rural life suffered heavily. Their life was shattered beyond measures. These changes are penned down in the two long stories PeraUgawala & Pandhur Uthali. They will leave you in turmoil.
1948 साली कूळकायदा आला. या कायद्यानं शेकडो वर्षं अबाधित राहिलेली जीवनाची घडी पार विसकटून गेली.पड जमिनीला प्रथम नांगर लागताच जमिनीची जी दशा होते, तीच दशा ग्रामीण भागातल्या सुप्त व संथ जीवनाला प्राप्त झाली. जमिनीच्या आसऱ्यानं जीवन जगणारे सारे समाजथर या कायद्यानं बदलले. इनामदारांपासून ते छोट्या शेतकऱ्यापर्यंत, देवस्थानापासून ते बारा बलुतेदारांपर्यंत.
इनामाच्या मिराशीवर कुळांकडून खंड वसूल करणारा देसाई, देशमुख,देशपांडे, पाटील, कुलकर्णी, खोत यांच्यासारखा वतनदार-वर्ग जसा जमिनीला मुकला, तसाच, शहरात गिरण्यांतून काबाडकष्ट करीत, आयुष्यभर राबत,मिळालेली कमाई गावी पाठवून जमीन विकत घेतलेला मजूरही ती जमीन कुळाच्या हाती सुपूर्द करून मोकळा झाला. याच काळात नवनवीन स्थित्यंतरं घडत होती. नव्या सुधारणा विजेच्या वेगानं घडत होत्या. यांचा धक्का बसला तो खेड्यांतून चालत आलेल्या पिढ्यान् पिढ्यांच्या एकत्र कुटुंबपद्धतीला. जमीनविषयक झालेल्या कायद्यांनी घराघरांतून वाटण्या सुरू झाल्या. बाप-मुलगा, भाऊ-भाऊ, यांच्यात भांडणं सुरू झाली. सारं ग्रामीण जीवन या नांगरटीत उलथंपालथं झालं.

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