On Crimes and Punishments

Cesare Beccaria

oct 2016 · Transaction Publishers

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Cesare Beccaria’s influential Treatise on Crimes and Punishments is considered a foundational work in the field of criminology. Three major themes of the Enlightenment run through the Treatise: the idea that the social contract forms the moral and political basis of the work’s reformist zeal; the idea that science supports a dispassionate and reasoned appeal for reforms; and the belief that progress is inextricably bound to science. All three provide the foundation for accepting Beccaria’s proposals. It is virtually impossible to ascertain which of several versions of the Treatise that appeared during his lifetime best reflected Beccaria’s thoughts. His use of many Enlightenment ideas also makes it difficult to interpret what he has written. While Enlightenment thinkers advocated free men and free minds, there was considerable disagreement as to how this might be achieved, except in the most general terms. The editors have based this translation on the 1984 Francioni text, the most exhaustive critical Italian edition of Dei delitti e delle pene. This edition is the last that Beccaria personally oversaw and revised. This translation includes an outstanding opening essay by the editors and is a welcome introduction to Beccaria and the beginnings of criminology.

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Cesare Beccaria (1738-1794) was an Italian philosopher and politician. He is known as one of the founders of modern criminology and penology. In his lifetime he was made chair of law and economy at Palatine College, became a member of the supreme economic council and was elected to the board for the reform of the judicial code all in Milan.

Graeme Newman is distinguished teaching professor in the School of Criminal Justice at the State University of New York-Albany, and was a consult for the Criminal Justice and Crime Prevention Division of the United Nations. He is the author or editor of many books, including Super Highway Robbery, The Global Report on Crime and Justice, and Rational Choice and Situational Crime Prevention.

Pietro Marongiu is associate professor of criminology in the School of Medicine, University of Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy. He is the author of Theory and History of Social Banditry in Sardinia.