Southern Hemisphere Palaeobiogeography of Triassic-Jurassic Marine Bivalves

Susana E. Damborenea · Javier Echevarría · Sonia Ros-Franch

sept 2012 · Springer Science & Business Media

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Palaeobiogeography is a complex subject which processes information provided by both Biology and Earth Sciences. It is conceptually and philosophically equivalent to neobiogeography. Nevertheless, its methods are somewhat different, since it is limited by the incompleteness of the fossil record. On the other hand, it has direct access to the time dimension, a key ingredient of organic evolution. Mesozoic benthonic mollusks, and especially bivalves, have a great potential for palaeobiogeographical analysis due to their commonly good preservation, abundance, diversity and high dispersion potential at the larval stage. From a merely descriptive point of view, the analysis of their distribution shows latitudinal gradients and distributional patterns, both at regional and global scales, which are the basis for the recognition of biochoremas or palaeobiogeographical units of different ranks. Moving forward towards a causal
palaeobiogeography, these organisms also provide interesting insight into particular biogeographical questions, such as bipolarity and its origin. The evolution in time of the
recognized biochoremas can be discussed in relation to palaeoclimas and extinction events. Finally, some of the results obtained from the analysis of the distribution of past
bivalve biotas were even used to propose and discuss the development of marine corridors and argue about the distribution of continents in the past.

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Dr. Susana E. Damborenea has studied Natural Sciences (Geology) at the University of La Plata, Argentina, and at the University of Wales. She has had several teaching positions at the Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo of the Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Argentina. Her present position is Professor of Invertebrate Palaeontology at La Plata University, Argentina. She teaches graduate and postgraduate courses on Palaeontology. Her research interests include invertebrate palaeontology, Mesozoic South American molluscs (especially Jurassic of Argentina), bivalve systematics, biostratigraphy, palaeoecology of marine environments and palaeobiogeography of southern Hemisphere regions.