The orthopedic and biomaterials literature of the 1990s reflects an early academic curiosity in implant applications of polyaryletherketone (PAEK) biomaterials [1,2]. However, widespread commercial applications for PAEK biomaterials in the human body were first realized with cage implants intended to promote intervertebral body (interbody) fusion of the lumbar spine. Success of PAEK with interbody implants would later inspire applications in a broad variety of spinal implant applications, including posterior fusion, dynamic stabilization, and disc arthroplasty.