Advances in powder metallurgy: 11. Evolution of microstructure in ferrous and non-ferrous materials

H. Danninger · C. Gierl-mayer · S. Strobl

ago 2013 · Elsevier Inc. Chapters

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The most prominent features of powder metallurgy (PM) materials are their fine and regular microstructure and in many cases their porosity. Here, it is shown how the porosity changes with manufacturing parameters in sintered materials and how preparation has to be done to avoid artefacts. The matrix microstructures, with regard to the alloying technique and resulting element distribution, and the microstructural development during sintering of powder injection moulded products are described. The fine homogeneous microstructure is a typical feature of fully dense PM materials as shown for tool steels and hard metals. The pronounced effect of doping elements on microstructural stability is presented for PM refractory metals.