The Future of the Office: Work from Home, Remote Work, and the Hard Choices We All Face

Peter Cappelli

2021년 8월 · Wharton School Press

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A GLOBE & MAIL BEST BUSINESS BOOK OF 2021

The COVID-19 pandemic forced an unprecedented experiment that reshaped white-collar work and turned remote work into a kind of "new normal." Now comes the hard part.

Many employees want to continue that normal and keep working remotely, and most at least want the ability to work occasionally from home. But for employers, the benefits of employees working from home or hybrid approaches are not so obvious. What should both groups do?

In a prescient new book, The Future of the Office: Work from Home, Remote Work, and the Hard Choices We All Face, Wharton professor Peter Cappelli lays out the facts in an effort to provide both employees and employers with a vision of their futures. Cappelli unveils the surprising tradeoffs both may have to accept to get what they want.

Cappelli illustrates the challenges we face by in drawing lessons from the pandemic and deciding what to do moving forward. Do we allow some workers to be permanently remote? Do we let others choose when to work from home? Do we get rid of their offices? What else has to change, depending on the approach we choose?

His research reveals there is no consensus among business leaders. Even the most high-profile and forward-thinking companies are taking divergent approaches:

--Facebook, Twitter, and other tech companies say many employees can work remotely on a permanent basis.
--Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan, and others say it is important for everyone to come back to the office.
--Ford is redoing its office space so that most employees can work from home at least part of the time, and
--GM is planning to let local managers work out arrangements on an ad-hoc basis.

As Cappelli examines, earlier research on other types of remote work, including telecommuting offers some guidance as to what to expect when some people will be in the office and others work at home, and also what happened when employers tried to take back offices. Neither worked as expected.

In a call to action for both employers and employees, Cappelli explores how we should think about the choices going forward as well as who wins and who loses. As he implores, we have to choose soon.

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Peter Cappelli is the George W. Taylor Professor of Management at the Wharton School and director of Wharton's Center for Human Resources. He is also a research associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and since 2007 is a Distinguished Scholar of the Ministry of Manpower for Singapore. Cappelli's recent research examines changes in employment relations in the United States and their implications. Cappelli writes a monthly column on workforce issues for Human Resource Executive Online and is a regular contributor to the Wall Street Journal and Harvard Business Review. His recent books include Fortune Makers: The Leaders Creating China's Great Global Companies (with Michael Useem, Harbir Singh, and Neng Liang); Why Good People Can't Get Jobs: The Skills Gap and What Companies Can Do About It; The India Way: How India's Business Leaders Are Revolutionizing Management (with Harbir Singh, Jitendra Singh, and Michael Useem), and Managing the Older Worker: How to Prepare for the New Organizational Order (with Bill Novelli). Cappelli has degrees in industrial relations from Cornell University and in labor economics from Oxford, where he was a Fulbright Scholar. He has been a Guest Scholar at the Brookings Institution, a German Marshall Fund Fellow, and a faculty member at MIT, the University of Illinois, and the University of California at Berkeley.