輸血注意事項

· 中版數媒
Ebook
12
Pages

About this ebook

(1)急性出血失血量低於總血容量的20%(500~800ml)時,患者表現為活動時心率增快,出現直立性低血壓,但血紅素和血細胞比容常無改變,可輸入適量晶體、膠體液或少量血漿增量劑;當失血量達總血容量的20%(1000ml)時,除有較明顯的血容量不足、血壓不穩定外,還可出現血細胞比容下降(通常以0.30~0.35作為出現缺氧的臨界值),此時,除輸入晶體或膠體溶液外,還應輸入濃縮紅血球(CRBC)。原則上,失血量在30%以下時,不輸全血;失血量超過30%時,可輸全血與CRBC各半。當失血量超過50%且大量輸入庫血時,應及時發現某些特殊成分如凝血因子的缺乏,並予補充。

(2)貧血或低蛋白血症手術前應結合檢驗結果輸注CRBC糾正貧血(一般術前血紅素應糾正至10g);補充血漿或清蛋白治療低蛋白血症。


註:本書內容為簡體中文

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